Immunization: Types, Vaccines, and Mechanisms
Immunization is a vital aspect of global health, involving the preparation of the body to fight specific diseases through active or passive means. This content delves into the definition of immunization, types of immunization (active and passive), the difference between vaccination and immunization, and live, attenuated vaccines. Learn about how immunization works and the importance of vaccines in protecting individuals from various diseases.
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Presentation Transcript
Immunization Name Abdulrahman Salem Alnajar ID. 3419 Date 4thJUN 2022 Supervisor Dr Marwa Alfaitory
Objectives Define Immunization Discuss Types of Immunization Describe Types of Vaccines Outline Mechanism of Vaccine working 2
Introduction Immunization is a global health and development success story, saving millions of lives every year. Vaccines reduce risks of getting a disease by working with the body s natural defence to build protection. 3
Immunization Immunization Immunization is is defined defined as as the the procedure procedure by by which which the the body body is is prepared prepared to to fight fight against against a a specific specific disease disease. . It It is is used used to to induce induce the the immune immune resistance resistance of of the the body body to to a a specific specific disease disease. .Immunization Immunizationis isof oftwo twotypes types: : Active Activeimmunization immunization. . Passive Passiveimmunization immunization 4
Active Immunization Acquired by activating immune system of the body. Body develops resistance against disease by producing antibodies following the exposure to antigens. 5
Passive Immunization produced without challenging the immune system of the body. It is done by administration of gamma globulins from a person who is already immunized (affected by the disease) to a non-immuneperson. 6
Difference between Vaccination and Immunization Immunization Vaccination Any process by which a person Injection of killed or weakened become protected from disease microorganism that produce immunity in the body 9
Live, Attenuated Vaccines To produce an immune response, live, attenuated vaccines must replicate in the vaccinated person. Although live, attenuated vaccines replicate, they usually do not cause disease such as that caused by the unweakened form oftheorganism. 8
Inactivated Vaccines Inactivated vaccines are not live and cannot replicate. These vaccinescannotcausedisease, Subunit vaccines contain a portion of the bacteria or virus. The portion of the organism selected is the part needed to produce a protective immuneresponse. 9
3,460,229 millions got vaccinnated COVID -19inLibya against 11
Summary Now there are vaccines to prevent more than 20 life- threatening diseases, helping people of all ages live longer, healthier lives. Immunization prevents 3.5-5 million deaths every year from diseases 12
References 1- Vaccines and immunization [Internet]. Who.int. 2022 [cited 3 June 2022]. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/vaccines-and-immunization#tab=tab_1 2- Kaushic C, Jerse A, Beagley K. Animal Models of Immunity to Tract Infections and Vaccine Development. 2022. 3- Ritchie H, Mathieu E, Rod s-Guirao L, Appel C, Giattino C, Ortiz-Ospina E et al. Vaccination ( types ) [Internet]. Our World in Data. 2022 [cited 3 June 2022]. Available from: https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations 13
Thanks! 14
