Impact of Social Support on Pregnant Women's Well-Being

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Explore how social support influences the existential meaning and subjective well-being of pregnant women, highlighting the crucial role of support networks in navigating the emotional, physical, and existential changes during pregnancy. The study conducted in Poland sheds light on the interconnectedness of social support, existential meaning, and subjective well-being in pregnant women.

  • Pregnancy
  • Social Support
  • Well-Being
  • Existential Meaning
  • Psychology
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  1. Existential meaning and subjective well-being in pregnant women: the parallel mediation of social support dr Anna Machnik-Czerwik Ks. dr hab. Dariusz Krok, prof. UO University of Opole UO, Poland Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Psychology First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE

  2. Pregnancy time Pregnancy is an important period of a woman's life that overshadows almost all aspects of a woman's life. In fact, it is a extraordinary, happy but also very stressful experience for them, accompanied by many emotional, physical, social and existential changes. In such a happy but also difficult time, pregnant women need support from partners, loved ones and professionals who will be helpful at any time when they need it. This is a time when women start to look at life differently and the meaning of their lives changes, a new existential meaning appears, which affects the quality of life of pregnant women. First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE 2

  3. The conceptual model of social support domains as parallel mediators between existential meaning and the subjective well-being dimensions. Social support b1 a Life satisfaction C1 b2 C2 Existential meaning Positive affect C3 b3 Negative affect First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE 3

  4. Participants and procedure The study included 266 pregnant women (2 to 9 months pregnancy), aged 18 42 years old They lived in southern parts of Poland It was conducted partly online and partly in person This research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Psychology at the University of Opole, Poland. First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE 4

  5. Measures Subjective well-being Existential meaning Social support Subjective well-being was measured within its: Multidimensional Existential Meaning Scale (MEMS) developed by George and Park (2017) and adapted into Polish by Gerymski and Krok (2020) The Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS) were used to measure different types of social support. The scales were developed by Schulz & Schwarze (2003) and adapted into Polish by Luszczynska et al. (2006). (The Scale, alpha cognitive Satisfaction SWLS) coefficient for this variable was 0.86. dimensions with Cronbach s Life the total score was used in our study They assess five types of social support: (1) perceived available support (2) need for support (3) support seeking (4) actually received support (5) protective buffering support affective dimensions (The Positive and Negative Affect PANAS-X) Cronbach s coefficients were 0.84 for positive and 0.85 for negative affect. The Cronbach s alpha coefficient for the present study was .90 Schedule, alpha Cronbach s alpha coefficients for the present study ranged from .80 to .87. First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE 5

  6. Statistical analyses The data were analyzed by using G*Power 3.1. and IBM SPSS Statistics 29.0 with PROCESS macro 4.2 (Hayes, 2017). No missing values were found in the data. First, G*Power 3.1. software was used to determine the minimum sample size needed for mediation analyses following the model proposed. The minimum sample size was determined to be 234 participants; however, more participants were recruited 266 pregnant women standard deviations and Pearson s correlations were calculated The parallel mediation model was applied along with examining the statistical significance of the direct and indirect effects with bootstrap procedures (samples = 5,000; 95% bias-corrected confidence intervals) the mediational approach proposed by Preacher and Hayes (2004) was used to test whether social support acts as a mediator between existential meaning and the cognitive and affective dimensions of subjective well-being, respectively. First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE 6

  7. RESULTS Descriptive statistics and correlations In the first stage of the statistical analyses, descriptive statistics and correlations were calculated 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Variables 1. COM 0.84*** 2. PUR 0.72*** 0.70*** 3. MAT 0.93*** 0.92*** 0.89*** 4. EM 0.32*** 0.31*** 0.35*** 0.36*** 5. PAS 0.06 0.11 0.13* 0.11 0.44*** 6. NFS 0.04 0.08 0.13* 0.09 0.60*** 0.72*** 7. SS 0.20** 0.21** 0.32*** 0.44*** 0.24*** 0.27*** 0.27*** 8. ARS -0.15* -0.20** -0.20** -0.19** -0.12* -0.09 -0.24*** -0.18*** 9. PBS 0.10 0.15* 0.33*** 0.32*** 0.37*** 0.37*** 0.40*** 0.33*** -0.30*** 10. LF 0.05 0.14* -0.11 0.51*** 0.30*** 0.23** 0.24*** 0.28*** 0.34*** 0.31*** 11. PA 0.09 0.04 -0.11 -0.43*** -0.31*** -0.24*** -0.20** -0.26*** -0.26*** -0.22*** 0.36*** 12. NA 5.63 5.90 5.17 5.57 3.36 3.07 2.95 3.51 2.18 4.42 3.13 2.19 M 1.31 1.37 1.44 1.25 0.62 0.61 0.70 0.61 0.65 1.29 0.80 0.85 SD *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE

  8. Mediation analysis 95% Confidence intervals Direct effects Indirect effects Standard error Path a Path b Life satisfaction as dependent variable Mediators 0.10 0.04 0.04;0.17 Perceived Available Support 0,35*** 0.28*** 0.11 -0.08 -0.01 0.01 -0.03;0.01 Need for Support 0.08 -0.03 -0.01 0.01 -0.03;0.02 Support Seeking 0.04 0.01 0.02 ;0.08 0.27*** 0.13* Actually Received Support 0.04 0.02 0.01;0.07 Protective Buffering Support -0.20*** -0.18*** 0.16 0.04 0.09;0.24 Total mediating effect p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001 Path a from independent variable to mediator; Path b from mediator to dependent variable First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE

  9. Mediation analysis Positive affect as dependent variable Mediators 0.09 0.04 0.02;0.16 Perceived Available Support 0,36*** 0.24*** Need for Support 0.11 -0.16* -0.02 0.02 -0.05;0.01 Support Seeking 0.09 0.04 0.01 0.01 -0.01;0.04 Actually Received Support 0.27*** 0.05 0.03 0.01;0.10 0.19** -0.20*** -0.01 0.01 0.12 0.01 0.03 -0.01;0.07 0.06;0.19 Protective Buffering Support Total mediating effect Negative affect as dependent variable Mediators Perceived Available Support Need for Support -0.10 0.04 -0.18;-0.03 0,36*** -0.36*** 0.11 0.17* 0.02 0.02 -0.01;0.06 Support Seeking p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001 0.09 0.10 0.01 0.01 -0.01;0.04 Actually Received Support Path a from independent variable to 0.05 0.01 0.02 -0.03;0.06 0.27*** mediator; -0.06 -0.11 0.02 0.04 -0.11;-0.02 -0.19;-0.04 First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Protective Buffering Support Total mediating effect -0.20*** 0.32*** Path b from mediator to dependent Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability variable 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE

  10. Summarising the mediation analyses, it can be concluded that the following three types of social support: perceived available support, actually received support, and protective buffering support were parallel mediators between existential meaning and the cognitive and affective dimensions of subjective well-being. In contrast, no mediating effects were found for need for support and support seeking. First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE

  11. Limitation of the present study: The present study was a cross-sectional study, and therefore, the existential meaning and subjective well-being of pregnant women and social support were measured only once, and these variables were not evaluated over time. Moreover, convenience sampling of pregnant women located in one geographic area could be another limitation of this study. Despite these limitations, the current research certainly provides a new perspective in the field of the relationship between existential meaning and subjective well-being and the mediating role of social support for this relation, in pregnant women. First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE 11

  12. Implications for practice: These findings have important practical implications regarding the planning of health care programs for pregnant women: specifically, people from their close environment and medical professionals should attitudes present supporting pregnant women, not only for the prevention of risk but also for promoting health as a subjective well- being. First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE 12

  13. Thank you for listening and being patient;-) dr Anna Machnik-Czerwik mail: anna.machnik-czerwik@uni.opole.pl Ks. dr hab. Dariusz Krok, prof. UO mail: d.krok@uni.opole.pl University of Opole UO, Poland Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Psychology First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE 13

  14. The end First Annual FORTHEM Conference FORTHEM - For the Future Physical and mental health in complex times of crisis and economic and political instability 06-08.03.2024 Europe/Berlin ONLINE 14

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