Impact of Storage Efficiency on Electricity Market Profitability
The study examines the impact of storage efficiency and charging costs on storage profitability in the electricity market. It covers the levelized cost of electricity and storage, additional metrics, and storage parameters. Various aspects such as overnight capital costs, operating, maintenance, decommissioning, and average charging costs are analyzed to determine profitability.
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Presentation Transcript
Monitoring Memory Behaviors and Mitigating NUMA Drawbacks on Tiered NVM Systems S. Yang et al @ Sys-Inventor Lab Sep. 2020
Executive Summary Mitigating NUMA Drawbacks on Tiered NVM Systems Problem: DAX-aware file system maintains the persistence of data in NVM, but it brings potential risks of remote access in NUMA. Our Goal: Develop appropriate to improve the throughput and resource utilization while eliminate the risk of remote access Observation: - OS will randomly select idle CPUs to start threads - Improper thread placement will cause remote access - Remote access of NVM can cause up to 3x the additional overhead Solution: 1) Help OS realize that the phenomenon of remote access to NVM data is happening 2) Develop an appropriate process migration policy to determine the occasion of data migration Results: 5.9% to 3.62x bandwidth improvement in the case where remote NVM accesses happen. 2
NVM's products- Intel Optane This mode maintains the durability of NVM This mode maintains the durability of NVM 3
Memory access path in NVM DAX-mmap (direct access) interface Removes all of the on-demand paging overheads, CPU can directly access the data through the store/ load command. 4
Remote access risk brought by DAX-mmap Phenomenon Phenomenon - - Remote serious serious overhead overheads s Remote write write access accesses es to to NVM NVM incur incur
Our Goal node 0 node 1 If the data cannot be moved, then we move the thread
Sysmon-N: Monitoring NVM behavior 1) Sampling pages in NVM to collect the page hotness information while avoiding sampling pages in DRAM to narrow down the sampling space; 2) Checking whether remote access occurs and collecting related data access information 7
Conditional Migration Model of N-Policy Three cases of thread migration 1.100% remote access 2. remote access coverage 80% 3. remote access coverage is about 50%, but remote data is hot 8
Evaluation Our approach improves the read bandwidth by 6.94% and 5.90%, the write bandwidth by 2.71x and 3.26x in the case of 4KiB and 2MiB block sizes 9
Conclusion Our approach takes advantage of the characteristics of NVM Our approach includes: 1. SysMon-N, an OS-level sampling module, to obtain access information about NVM in low overhead 2. N-Policy utilize the data collected by SysMon-N to guide process migration 10
THANK YOU 11
