Implications of UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals for Women

IMPLICATIONS OF THE UN 2030 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS FOR WOMEN TAMUN 2019 2-3 MAY 2019

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 2 On 25 September 2015 the 193-Member United Nations General Assembly formally adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It is a plan of action for people, planet and prosperity. It also seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom. This agenda recognizes that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions, is the greatest global challenge .

5 PS: PEOPLE, PLANET, PROSPERITY, PEACE & PARTNERSHIPS 3 People: Determination to end hunger and poverty for all people Planet: Determination to protect the planet from degradation through sustainable production, consumption and management. Prosperity: Determination to ensure prosperity and fulfilling lives to all human beings Peace: Determination to foster peaceful, just and inclusive societies which are free from fear and violence. Partnerships: Determination to mobilize the means required to implement this Agenda through a revitalized Global Partnership for Sustainable Development,

17 GOALS AND 169 TARGETS 4

EMPHASIS ON GENDER EQUALITY 5 We resolve, between now and 2030, to end poverty and hunger everywhere; to combat inequalities within and among countries; to build peaceful, just and inclusive societies; to protect human rights and promote gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls; and to ensure the lasting protection of the planet and its natural resources.

Goal 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere 6 1.2. By 2030, reduce at least by half the proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions, 1.4. By 2030, ensure that all men and women, in particular the poor and the vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control of land and other forms of property, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new technology and financial services, including microfinance. 1.b. Create sound policy framework at the national, regional and international levels, based on pro-poor and gender-sensitive development strategies, to support accelerated investment in poverty eradication actions.

WHY IS THIS GOAL IMPORTANT FOR WOMEN? BECAUSE In 2013, 11 percent of World population (783 million) lived below extreme poverty level (UN, 2018) Women comprise about 70% of total poor worldwide. Only 1% of the world's assets are in the name of women. [Women s Learning Partnership, 2003] In Turkey at least 18 million women lived under severe poverty level in 2011. 7

Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture 8 2.2. By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons. 2.3. By 2030, double the agricultural productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers, in particular women, indigenous peoples, family farmers, pastoralists and fishers, including through secure and equal access to land, other productive resources and inputs, knowledge, financial services, markets and opportunities for value addition and non-farm employment.

WHY IS THIS GOAL IMPORTANT FOR WOMEN? BECAUSE In 2016, it was estimated that the proportion of undernourished people worldwide is 11%, which amounts to 815 million people (UN,2018) 70 percent of this population is comprised of women. And in the household women live poverty in its heaviest form. In 2017, 151 million children under age 5 suffered from stunting (low height for their age) and 51 million suffered from wasting (low weight for height) (UN, 2018). 9

Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages 10 3.1. By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births. 3.2. By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births. By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes.

WHY IS THIS GOAL IMPORTANT FOR WOMEN? BECAUSE In 2015, 303, 000 women around the World died from complications related to pregnancy and childbirth (UN, 2018) 99% of maternal deaths occur in the developing world. [World Health Organization, 2004] The total number of deaths under-5 was estimated as 5.6 million in 2016. In 2018, the global adolescent birth rate is 44 births per 1000 women aged 15-19. 11

Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all 12 4.1. By 2030 ensure that all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes. 4.2. By 2030 ensure that all girls and boys have access to quality early childhood development, care and pre-primary education so that they are ready for primary education 4.5. By 2030 eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for the vulnerable, including persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples and children in vulnerable situations

WHY IS THIS GOAL IMPORTANT FOR WOMEN? BECAUSE At the global level, the participation rate in early childhood and primary education was 70 percent in 2016. (UN, 2018) Of the world's 979 million illiterate adults, two-thirds are women. [UNDP Human Development Report, 2003] In 2014, 37,7 % of girls aged 9-18, in Turkey, did not attend any school. And 27,8% of girls in this age bracket were married. 13

Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls 14 5.1. End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhere 5.2. Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including traficking and sexual and other types of exploitation 5.3. Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriages and female genital mutilation 5.5. Ensure women s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision making in political, economic and public life 5.c. Adopt and strengthen sound policies and enforcable legislation for the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls at all levels.

WHY IS THIS GOAL IMPORTANT FOR WOMEN? BECAUSE Based on data between 2000-2016 from about 90 countries, women spend roughly three times as many hours in unpaid domestic and care work as men. (UN, 2018) In 2003, at least 54 countries had discriminatory laws against women. [Amnesty International, 2003] In 2018, the percentage of women in national parliaments has only reached around 23 percent, globally. In Turkey, this percentage is only 14 % for the current parliament. Turkey is on the 130th rank in the Global Gender Gap Report of World Economic Forum in 2018. 15

Goal 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all 16 6.2. By 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations

Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all 17 No specific emphasis on women

Goal 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all 18 8.1. Sustain per capita economic growth in accordance with national circumstances and, in particular, at least 7 per cent gross domestic product growth per annum in the least developed countries. 8.5. By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value. 8.8. Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working environments for all workers, including migrant workers, in particular women migrants and those in precarious employment.

WHY IS THIS GOAL IMPORTANT FOR WOMEN? 19 BECAUSE In 2016 just 57 percent ofworld sworking age women are in the labour force, compared to 70 percent of working-age men (department of Labour, USA). In 2017, this percentage was only 33,8%, in Turkey. Rate of unemployment for graduate women was 21,3%. Even in the US, women with full-time jobs still earn only about 77 percent of their male counterparts (White House, US)

Goal 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation 20 No specific emphasis on women

Goal 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries 21 No specific emphasis on women

Goal 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable 22 11.1. By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums 11.2. By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible, and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons 11.7. By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons with disabilities

Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns 23 No specific emphasis on women

Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts 24 No specific emphasis on women

Goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development 25 No specific emphasis on women

Goal 15: Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss 26 No specific emphasis on women

Goal 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels 27 16.1. Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere 16.2. End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children 16.b. Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable development

WHY IS THIS GOAL IMPORTANT FOR WOMEN? BECAUSE 28 In 2014, the majority of detected trafficking victims were women and girls (71 percent) and about 28% were children. Over 90 % of victims were trafficked for sexual exploitation or forced labour (UN, 2018). Gender-based violence against women - female infanticide, sexual trafficking and exploitation, dowry killings and domestic violence - causes more death and disability among women in the 15 to 44 age group than cancer, malaria, traffic accidents and war combined. [Center for Women Policy Studies, 2003]. In 2017, 285 women were killed in Turkey; in 2014 four women out of ten were subject to physical violence from their spouse or their house mate (T K).

Goal 17: Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development 29 No specific emphasis on women

CONCLUSIONS 30 For a better world we need healthy, well educated, world conscious children, And to raise such children, we need healthy, well educated and world conscious women THEREFORE The future of humankind is totally dependent how we treat women and girls today. JOIN UN EFFORTS IN BUILDING A SUSTAINABLE WORLD

31 THANK YOU FOR INVITING ME TO THIS INSPIRING TAMUN MEETING