Industrial Work Experience at Rayfield Medical Services Ltd.
Rayfield Medical Services Ltd., located in Jos South LGA, provides a wide range of healthcare services. They offer primary and secondary care with limited tertiary care, emphasizing preventive, curative, and holistic approach for all patients. The hospital's laboratory sections perform various tests including phlebotomy, haematology, clinical chemistry, microbiology, and immunology. These tests cover parameters like blood counts, glucose levels, lipid profiles, infectious diseases, hormonal assays, and more.
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STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME UNDERTAKEN AT RAYFIELD MEDICAL SERVICES LTD JOS. PRESENTED BY ABRAHAM JOSEPH UR201300353 TO THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY, FACULTY OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCE, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY WUKARI, TARABA STATE. 29THNOVEMBER, 2016
INTRODUCTION Rayfield Medical Services is a healthcare centre located in Jos South LGA, rendering broad range of care to patients from various part of the country. The hospital is a 20-bed multi-speciality, primary and secondary care with limited tertiary care. It started operation on 1st November 2013. The hospital bases its functionality upon the unique philosophy of providing preventive, curative and holistic care to all individuals from every stratum of the society.
THE LABORATORY SECTIONS AND VARIOUS TESTS PERFORMED THE PHLEBOTOMY DEPARTMENT The Phlebotomy procedure facilitates obtaining good quality specimens on the correct patient for further analysis in the laboratory HAEMATOLOGY DEPARTMENT The test carried out in haematology section include; Full blood count Packed cell volume Clotting profile Erythrocyte Sedimentation rate Blood group Genotype
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY SECTION Tests performed in this department are: Blood Glucose; FBS, FBS2HPP, RBS, OGTT Blood lipids (fat) Cholesterol level. Electrolytes - sodium, potassium, HCO3- (Bicarbonate), and chloride Uric acid Creatinine and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Liver function tests -AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin. GGT (Gamma Glutamyl Tranferase) Creatinine kinase Faecal occult blood HbAIc (Glycated Haemoglobin) Prostrate Specific Antigen
MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT Tests carried out in this section include; Widal test Malaria parasite Mantoux test Microbial Microscopy, culture and sensitivity (M/C/S) Aso titre SEROLOGY DEPARTMENT Hepatitis B Virus (HBsAg) Retroviral screening (RVS) Veneral disease research laboratory(VDRL) Hepatitis C virus(HCV)
IMMUNOLOGY DEPARTMENT Tests performed in this section include; Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA tests) Thyroid function test Fertility test Hormonal Assay Troponin T
MATERIALS/APPARATUS The materials in the laboratory include; Cobas C11chemistry analyser Mythic 22 haematology analyser Cobas e411 analyser Bactec FX40 Stat fax 4200 Stat fax 2600 Microtitre washer Electrophoresis Machine Centrifuge Electron Microscope Compound microscope Automatic autoclave Incubator Water bath e.t.c
Cobas e411 analyser Electrophoresis machine Stat Fax 4200 Cobas C111 chemistry analyser
LIVER FUNCTION TEST THEORY Biochemical tests are of immense value in diagnosis and monitoring of liver diseases. These tests are usually referred to as liver function tests (LFT). LFTs are the most widely performed biochemical tests in the laboratory. Often abnormal liver function will lead to jaundice. long list of tests was formerly included under this group. They were classified based on the major functions of liver. (1) Excretion of bile pigments, bile salts, BSP (Bromsulphthalein) and ICG (Indocyanine green). (2) Metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids. (3) Synthesis of serum proteins, especially albumin and prothrombin. (4) Detoxification of ammonia and hippuric acid synthesis. (5) Serum enzymes, acting as markers of liver damage(Ward, M.K, Cockayne, S, Clinical Chemistry, (1993) W.B.Saunders eds. Philadelphia USA, 238.).
LIVER FUNCTION TEST CONTD But nowadays, only clinically useful tests are being done. These liver function tests are broadly classified as: 1. Tests to detect hepatic injury: a. To detect the disease, whether mild or severe; whether acute or chronic. b. To assess the nature of liver injury; hepatocellular or cholestasis. 2. Tests to assess hepatic function.
PARAMETERS MEASURED IN LFT The following parameters are measured in liver function test Aspartate transaminase (AST) Alanine transaminase (ALT) Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) Total Protein Albumin Total Bilirubin Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT)
AIM: To diagnose and monitor liver disease. PROCEDURES: The blood sample is collected in a plain sample container, it is then allowed to clot before being separated. The serum is then inserted into Cobas C111 chemistry analyser and the test is ordered.
RESULT: S/N TEST REFERENECE RANGE 1 Alanine Transaminase < 40 IU/L 2 Aspartate Transaminase < 40 IU/L 3 Total protein 60-80g/L 4 Albumin 3.5-5.3g/dL 5 Total Bilirubin 0.1-1.0mg/dL 6 Alkaline phosphatase 30-120 IU/L 7 Gamma glutamyl transferase 50-420IU/L
CONCLUSION The six month SIWES program was a huge experience and a good platform for me because I acquired skills and knowledge as regard to medical biochemistry . It is indeed a worthwhile experience because it has helped in bridging the gap between theory learnt in class and practical.
RECOMMENDATION Throughout my six months stay at Rayfield medical services, i was afforded the opportunity to translate the theories I learnt in class, to real life practical experience in a standard laboratory of a reputable organization. Therefore, the need for every Nigerian student, to undergo the SIWES program cannot be overemphasized
REFERENCE 1. Ward, M.K, Cockayne, S, Clinical Chemistry, (1993) W.B.Saunders eds. Philadelphia USA, 238.
