Inflow Angle and Energy Production Insights

Delve into the impact of inflow angles on energy production in wind turbines. Explore factors influencing power curves, such as wind speed, air density, and directional variations. Learn about energy losses due to non-zero inflow angles and how directional variations affect energy production efficiency. Gain valuable knowledge on mitigating yaw and inflow errors to optimize energy output.

• Wind Energy
• Power Curve
• Energy Production
• Inflow Angle
• Turbine Efficiency

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Presentation Transcript

1. Inflow angle and Energy Production J rgen H jstrup Wind Solutions / H jstrup Wind Energy Power Curve Working Group, Louisville 6 October 2014

2. CONTENTS - Energy loss by non-zero inflow angle - Directional variation - Inflow angles and energy loss from real sites

3. Factors influencing Power Curve 1. Wind speed 2. Air density 3. Turbulence intensity 4. Directional variation 5. Inflow angle 6. Wind shear 7. Vertical wind veer

4. Inflow angle negligible? 1. Wind speed 2. Air density 3. Turbulence intensity 4. Directional variation 5. Inflow angle 6. Wind shear 7. Vertical wind veer

5. Inflow angle negligible? - For conventional IEC 61400-12-1 verification Expensive and difficult to erect masts in sloping terrain High uncertainty on site calibration - Most often you select turbines for PC verification in more benign terrain with small inflow angles - With Spinner Anemometer and LIDAR verification there are no practical problems in doing PC verification also in complex terrain.

6. Calculate Energy Loss 15 deg yaw error Component that generates energy AEP lost:

7. Yaw- (and inflow-) error => Lower Production

8. The Usual turbulence effect on power curve, but there is more ...

9. Energy loss by directional variations

10. Energy loss by directional variations

11. Average inflow angle (calculated) 15 recent sites, 270 turbines

12. Rotor not tilted: avg 0.5% energy lost

13. Rotor tilt 4 deg: avg 1.8% energy loss

14. Rotor tilt 6 deg: avg 2.8% energy loss

15. CONCLUSIONS Inflow angle can have significant influence on energy production Range 0 8 % Average 2.8 % for 6 deg rotor tilt

16. Thank you for your attention H jstrup Wind Energy & Wind Solutions www.wind-solutions.com Jorgen@hojstrup.eu