Influencing Behavior: Types and Impact
Different types of social influence such as behavioral control, reinforcements, legitimate authority, and coercive power. Understand how these mechanisms shape behavior and societal norms, while also considering their potential drawbacks. Delve into the concept of blind obedience and its implications in various contexts, including historical events and psychological experiments like the Milgram Experiment.
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Presentation Transcript
Social Influence
How do we get others to change the way they think and behave? Types of Influence Behavior Control Resisting Control Mind Control
Behavioral Control How do people directly influence each other's behavior? Legitimate Authority Reinforcements
Reinforcements: Reward and Punishment Reward power Real-World Applications: Crime Robbery (threaten harm) Bribery (promise reward) Criminal justice system Punishment for crimes Threat of punishment to deter crime Promise of rewards for helping capture criminals Politics Promise benefits to voters Societal control Autocratic regimes Sanctions, taxation policies Ability to motivate people in exchange for something they desire. Coercive power Ability to provide unpleasant outcomes if someone down not comply.
Legitimate Authority People submit to the demands of authority figures who are deemed legitimate . This has desirable aspects Coordination of action among many people Overrides self-interest, competition, exploitation Provides for a shared reality
Helps to Maintain Societal norms (standards of behavior) Laws Contracts Treaties Regulations Social rules Social roles Police Military Teachers CEOs Flight attendants Parents
But it also has undesirable aspects Intolerance of dissent and difference Blind obedience Harmful behavior
More on Blind Obedience Why do humans obey orders that cause injury or death? War (chain of command) Fear of reprimand, punishment Nazi Germany, My Lai (Vietnam War) Why do people show blind obedience when there is no fear of punishment? Milgram experiments in early 1960s More videography
CLICK HERE: The Full Documentary CLICK HERE: An Abbreviated Clip CLICK HERE: A Short Overview
Milgrams Shock Generator Shock Generator Caution On Amp Meter Amps Intensity Resistance Very Stron g Shock Slight Shoc k Moderat e Shock Stron g Shock Intense Shock Extreme Shock XXX Danger Slight Shock Moderate Shock Strong Shock Very Strong Shock Intense Shock Extreme ShockDanger XXX
Statements Made by Shock Recipient Shock Generator Caution On Amp Meter Amps Intensity Resistance Very Stron g Shock Slight Shoc k Moderat e Shock Stron g Shock Intense Shock Extreme Shock XXX Danger Experimenter: That s All! Get me out of here! I told you I had heart trouble. My heart s bothering me! You have no right to hold me here! Let me out of here! Let me out of here! silence.. Treat no response as a wrong response. Ugh! Hey! This Really Hurts! My hearts starting to bother me now! Get me out of here, please! .Let me out! Let me out! Let me out! Let me out! Deliver the next higher level of shock. .
How Many Obeyed? Shock Generator Caution On Amp Meter Amps Intensity Resistance Very Stron g Shock Slight Shoc k Moderat e Shock Stron g Shock Intense Shock Extreme Shock XXX Danger 1 of 8 more Stopped All All Still Obeying All Still Obeying Obeying All Still 1 of 4 Stopped Over 60% Still Obedient Obeyed
Obedience Across Trials % Delivering Maximum Shock 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Remote Feedback Voice Feedback Proximity Touch Proximity
Limitations of Behavior Control Terrible Two s Psychological Reactance People don t like to have their Adolescence freedom and choice limited Reactance: Attempt to restore personal freedom by behaving in the Authoritarian Parenting way you are being told not to
Forbidden Toys : Aronson & Carlsmith, 1963 Nursery school children rated 5 toys Please don t play with your 2nd favorite toy while I m gone. 3 2 4 5 1 OR They were told: You better not play with your 2nd favorite toy while I m gone, or else! Mild vs severe threat
What toy did the kids choose to play with? CLICK HERE for a video summary of the Forbidden Toy Study #2!
Takeaways: You can influence people s behavior using reward, punishment, and authority. BUT this influence is limited due to other psychological processes.
