Initial Impressions and Stereotyping
Explore the impact of stereotyping based on nationality or profession on initial perceptions and how a single story can influence our views. Delve into the structure and humor in an insightful TED speech.
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jonathan peel jls 2016 A Single Story Saturday, 22 February 2025
Imagine: You meet someone for the first time All you know is their nationality or their profession How might your stereotyping affect your initial impressions of that person? Are there characteristics which we expect to find in a person because of a single fact? jonathan peel jls 2016 An example found on the web: How can you tell when an accountant is extroverted? He looks at your shoes while he's talking to you instead of his own. In that example a single story has defined an entire group of professionals highly skilled and highly intelligent professionals.
The Text S tructure L anguage A udience P urpose jonathan peel jls 2016 A useful mnemonic when finding our way into a non-fiction passage.
Structure This is a formal speech delivered at a TED conference. The structure reflects this. All speeches should follow a pattern: Introduction, exposition , conclusion Introduction: Here Adichie introduces herself and her theme. Sentences are short and language is clear and direct. Why is this? She introduces irony and humour in paragraph 2. This is still introduction, but we are learning about her character. jonathan peel jls 2016
Humour Quotation explanation My poor mother was obligated to read They played in the snow The story mimics British obsessions that have no place in Africa jonathan peel jls 2016 She hides her own racial heritage when writing Complete this table to begin to explore the way in which humour and character is established in the introduction.
Exposition Begins in Paragraph 4 The purpose of the piece has been made clear in Paragraph 1: The danger of a Single Story. jonathan peel jls 2016 The writing will move away from INFORMING the reader towards EXPLAINING the purpose of the talk. In your anthologies, highlight all the words which suggest that explanation is taking place: for example because Much of this section will take the form of Personal Anecdote
Conclusion In the last 4 paragraphs we find a conclusion. The key word here is SO which highlights the summing up of the ideas. jonathan peel jls 2016 Her final sentence stands alone and wraps up her vision of her better world her kind of paradise It is an effective conclusion to a witty, thoughtful and entertaining speech.
LANGUAGE Speeches are delivered in the First Person this is a personal reflection and is clearly based on personal experience. Clarity is helped by : Short sentences Links between paragraphs Strong but straightforward vocabulary Short paragraphs with clear TOPIC SENTENCES. jonathan peel jls 2016
Annotate Annotate three paragraphs of your choice to show Short sentences Links between paragraphs Strong but straightforward vocabulary Short paragraphs with clear TOPIC SENTENCES. jonathan peel jls 2016 You will need to continue this task in your own time. To cover the whole text.
TABLE To consider specific language choice TYPE Quotation Comment Short, direct sentence jonathan peel jls 2016 Links between paras Short simple strong vocabulary I have added detail to this on the next slide see wjhat you can come up with
Here some examples you should aim to find at least three more of each type and add to your tables type quotation comment Short, direct sentence Now, I loved those American and British books I read Opening of paragraphs direct and strong and forms the firs t[part of a short sentence tricolon. All is intended to increase the power of the epiphany about the quality of African Literature. Short, direct sentence My father was a professor . Simple statement of fact also shows the level of education of the family and value placed on learning. Short, direct sentence Their poverty was my single story of them Strong closing sentence explains and reinforces the message of the speech. jonathan peel jls 2016 Links between paras They played in the snow weather we didn t have snow there was no need to L9 and L12. The tricolon in Line 12 explains and answers the humorous comment in Line 9 Short simple strong vocabulary She assumed I did not know In this short sentence, the key word is assumed . We all make assumptions, often based on little or no evidence. Short simple strong vocabulary I was overwhelmed with shame overwhelmed has been chosen for the power of the image it creates. This is so much more powerful than a longer phrase involving very or a list of poorly considered adjectives. Topic Sentences what this demonstrates Clear indication of the subject matter to be discussed Topic Sentences I come from a conventional middle-class Nigerian family. Clear indication of the subject matter to be discussed
Audience The World Wide Web: Ted talks are watched by millions https://www.ted.com/ The audience at the event are highly intelligent; highly successful and highly ambitious How might this be reflected in the content and in the manner of delivery? jonathan peel jls 2016
PURPOSE According to TED: TED is a platform for ideas worth spreading. Started in 1984 as a conference where technology, entertainment and design converged, TED today shares ideas from a broad spectrum from science to business to global issues in more than 100 languages. Meanwhile, independent TEDx events help share ideas in communities around the world. https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization jonathan peel jls 2016
Purpose: Inform: We learn about Adichie s childhood and her path the fame as a writer Explain: She explains the problem with a response to anything which is not based on as wide a reference as possible. Describe: She describes events and feelings to assist the listener in assimilating her ideas. jonathan peel jls 2016
