Interaction Design for Effective User Experiences
Explore the world of interaction design, discovering how products like smartphones and the iPod succeed with quality user experiences. Learn the key processes and core characteristics involved, emphasizing the importance of considering cultural differences for international services. Dive into why involving users, setting clear goals, and iterating are crucial for interactive product design.
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Presentation Transcript
Chapter1 WHATISINTERACTIONDESIGN?
TheUserExperience Howaproductbehavesandisusedbypeoplein therealworld Thewaypeoplefeelaboutitandtheirpleasureandsatisfaction whenusingit,lookingatit,holdingit,andopeningorclosingit everyproductthatisusedbysomeonehasauserexperience: newspapers,ketchupbottles, CARs, Smartphones . (Garrett,2010) allaspectsoftheend-user'sinteractionwiththecompany,its services,anditsproducts.(NielsenandNorman,2014) Cannotdesignauserexperience,onlydesign forauserexperience www.id-book.com 30
WhywastheiPoduserexperience suchasuccess? Qualityuser experiencefromthe start Simple,elegant, distinctbrand, pleasurable,musthave fashionitem,catchy names,cool,etc. www.id-book.com 31
Whatisinvolvedintheprocessof interactiondesign Establishingrequirements Developingalternatives Prototyping Evaluating 32 www.id-book.com
Corecharacteristicsofinteraction design 1 Usersshouldbeinvolvedthroughthe developmentoftheproject 2 Specificusabilityanduserexperiencegoals needtobe identified clearlydocumented agreedatthebeginningoftheproject 3 Iterationisneededthroughthecoreactivities 33 www.id-book.com
Whygotothislength? Helpdesigners: understandhowtodesigninteractiveproductsthatfit withwhatpeoplewant,needandmaydesire appreciatethatonesizedoesnotfitall e.g.,teenagersareverydifferenttogrown-ups identifyanyincorrectassumptionstheymayhave aboutparticularusergroups e.g.,notalloldpeoplewantorneedbigfonts beawareofbothpeople ssensitivitiesandtheir capabilities 34 www.id-book.com
Areculturaldifferencesimportant? 5/21/2015versus21/5/2015? Whichshouldbeusedforinternationalservicesand onlineforms? Whyisitthatcertainproducts,liketheiPod,are universallyacceptedbypeoplefromallpartsof theworldwhereaswebsitesarereactedto differentlybypeoplefromdifferentcultures? 35 www.id-book.com
Accessibility Degreetowhichaproductisusableandaccessibleby asmanypeopleaspossible Focusondisability: Haveamentalorphysicalimpairment Thishasanadverseaffectontheireverydaylives Itislongterm www.id-book.com 36
Anna,IKEAonlinesalesagent Designedtobe differentforUKandUS customers Whatarethedifferences andwhichiswhich? WhatshouldAnna s appearancebelike forothercountries, likeIndia,SouthAfrica, orChina? 37 www.id-book.com
Usabilitygoals Effectivetouse Efficienttouse Safetouse Havegoodutility Easytolearn Easytorememberhowtouse 38 www.id-book.com
Userexperiencegoals Desirableaspects fun provocative surprising rewarding emotionallyfulfilling satisfying enjoyable engaging pleasurable exciting entertaining helpful motivating challenging enhancingsociability supportingcreativity cognitivelystimulating Undesirableaspects boring frustrating makingonefeelguilty annoying childish unpleasant patronizing makingonefeelstupid cutesy gimmicky www.id-book.com 39
Usabilityanduserexperiencegoals Selectingtermstoconveyaperson sfeelings,emotions, etc.,canhelpdesignersunderstandthemultifaceted natureoftheuserexperience Howdousabilitygoalsdifferfromuserexperience goals? Aretheretrade-offsbetweenthetwokindsofgoals? e.g.canaproductbebothfunandsafe? Howeasyisittomeasureusabilityversususer experiencegoals? www.id-book.com 40
Visibility (findable) Thisisacontrolpanelforanelevator Howdoesitwork? Pushabuttonfortheflooryouwant? Nothinghappens.Pushanyotherbutton? Stillnothing.Whatdoyouneedtodo? Itisnotvisibleastowhattodo! www.baddesigns.com www.id-book.com 42
Visibility (findable) youneedtoinsertyourroomcardintheslotbythe buttonstogettheelevatortowork! Howwouldyoumakethisactionmorevisible? makethecardreadermoreobvious provideanauditorymessage,thatsayswhatto do(whichlanguage?) provideabiglabelnexttothecardreaderthat flasheswhensomeoneenters makerelevantpartsvisible makewhathastobedoneobvious www.baddesigns.com www.id-book.com 43
Designprinciples Generalizableabstractionsforthinkingaboutdifferent aspectsofdesign Thedo sanddon'tsofinteractiondesign Whattoprovideandwhatnottoprovideatthe interface Derivedfromamixof Theory-basedknowledge Experience Common-sense www.id-book.com 41
WhatdoIdoifIamwearingblack? Invisibleautomatic controlscanmakeit moredifficult touse www.id-book.com 44
Feedback Sendinginformationbacktotheuseraboutwhathas beendone Includes sound, highlighting, animationand combinationsofthese e.g.whenscreenbuttonclickedonprovidessoundorred highlightfeedback: ccclichhk www.id-book.com 45
Constraints Restrictingthepossibleactionsthatcan beperformed Helpspreventuserfromselecting incorrectoptions Physicalobjectscanbedesignedto constrainthings e.g.onlyonewayyoucaninsertakeyintoalock www.id-book.com 46
Logicalorambiguousdesign? Wheredoyouplugthe mouse? Wheredoyouplugthe keyboard? toporbottomconnector? Dothecolorcodedicons help? www.baddesigns.com 47 www.id-book.com
Howtodesignthemmorelogically (i)Aprovidesdirect adjacentmapping betweeniconand connector (ii)Bprovidescolorcoding toassociatethe connectorswiththe labels www.baddesigns.com www.baddesigns.com 48 www.id-book.com
Consistency Designinterfacestohavesimilaroperationsanduse similarelementsforsimilartasks Forexample: alwaysusectrlkeyplusfirstinitialofthecommandforan operation ctrl+C,ctrl+S,ctrl+O Mainbenefitisconsistentinterfacesareeasier tolearnanduse 49 www.id-book.com
Whenconsistencybreaksdown Whathappensifthereismorethanonecommand startingwiththesameletter? e.g.save,spelling,select,style Havetofindotherinitialsorcombinationsofkeys, therebybreakingtheconsistencyrule e.g.ctrl+S,ctrl+Sp,ctrl+shift+L Increaseslearningburdenonuser,makingthemmore pronetoerrors www.id-book.com 50
Internalandexternalconsistency Internalconsistencyreferstodesigning operationstobehavethesamewithinan application Difficulttoachievewithcomplexinterfaces Externalconsistencyreferstodesigning operations,interfaces,etc.,tobethesame acrossapplicationsanddevices Veryrarelythecase,basedondifferentdesigner s preference 51 www.id-book.com
Keypadnumberslayout Acaseofexternalinconsistency (a)phones,remotecontrols (b)calculators,computerkeypads 7 8 4 1 0 9 6 1 4 2 5 3 5 2 6 9 3 7 8 0 www.id-book.com 52
Affordances:togiveaclue Referstoanattributeofanobjectthatallowspeopleto knowhowtouseit e.g.amousebuttoninvitespushing,adoorhandleaffords pulling Norman(1988)usedthetermtodiscussthedesignof everydayobjects Sincehasbeenmuchpopularisedininteractiondesign todiscusshowtodesigninterfaceobjects e.g.scrollbarstoaffordmovingupanddown,iconstoafford clickingon 53 www.id-book.com
Whatdoesaffordancehavetooffer interactiondesign? Interfacesarevirtualanddonothaveaffordanceslikephysical objects Normanarguesitdoesnotmakesensetotalkaboutinterfaces intermsof real affordances Insteadinterfacesarebetterconceptualizedas perceived affordances Learnedconventionsofarbitrarymappingsbetweenactionand effectattheinterface Somemappingsarebetterthanothers www.id-book.com 54
Activity Virtualaffordances Howdothefollowingscreenobjectsafford? Whatifyouwereanoviceuser? Wouldyouknowwhattodowiththem? www.id-book.com 55
Keypoints Interactiondesignisconcernedwithdesigning interactiveproductstosupportthewaypeople communicateandinteractintheireverydayandworking lives Itisconcernedwithhowtocreatequalityuser experiences Itrequirestakingintoaccountanumberof interdependentfactors,includingcontextofuse,typeof activities,culturaldifferences,andusergroups Itismultidisciplinary,involvingmanyinputsfromwide- reachingdisciplinesandfields www.id-book.com 56
