Introduction to C Programming

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Introduction Introduction to to C C C is a programming language. It is strong, simple and reliable. Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

H Hiis st tory ory O Of f C C C programming was written by Dennis Ritchie in 1972. It was developed at AT & T s Bell Laboratories in USA. Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

C C Tokens Tokens Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

C C Constants Constants int m = 56; Here, 56 is Constant and m is Variable. Types of Constants: 1) Primary Constants 2) Secondary Constants Type Example Integer Constants +226 , -946 RealConstants +123.23, -22.34 CharacterConstants G , 5 , + Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

C C Data DataTypes Types int a = 2 ; Datatype Variable Constant Types of data types: 1. Primary Data Type 2. Secondary Data Type Primary Data Type Secondary Data Type : arrays, pointer, structures, union, enum. : character, integer, float, double, void Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

V Va ariabl riable es s int a = 2 ; Datatype Variable Constant Definition of Variable: Variables in C are memory locations that are given names. Variables are the entities which can change at different times we use variables to store data in memory. As shown in figure, a is variable. Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

C C Keywords Keywords Keywords are the words whose meaning has already been explained to the C compiler. The following names are reserved by the C language. Their meaning is already defined, and they cannot be re-defined. Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

Operators Operators Definition: Operators are the Symbols used to indicate the operations on the operands. e.g. 10+20 ------- 10 & 20 are operands and + is an operator Type of Operators 1)Arithmetic 2)Relational 3)Logical 4)Assignment 5)Conditional 6)Bitwise 7)Special 8)Increment / Decrement Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

Pre Pre- -processor processor Directive Directive Pre-processor directive is #define. #define MAX 10 #define is generally used to define constantvalues It is generally written in upper case like MAX It never terminateswith semicolon Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

Main Main Function Function Syntax: void main() { ---- ---- Declarative Or Executable Statements ---- } void main(): Used to start of actual C program. It includes two parts as declarative Statements and executable Statements. Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

Basic Structure Basic Structure Of Of C C Program Program Document Section Links Section (File) DefinitionSection Global variable declarationSection voidmain() { Variable declaration section Function declaration section executablestatements; } Functiondefinition1 Functiondefinition2 --------------------- --------------------- (User DefinedFunctions) --------------------- Functiondefinitionn Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

My My First C First C Program Program #include <stdio.h> intmain() { /* my first program in C */ printf("Hello, World! \n"); return0; } Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

Pr Priintf ntf Printf : It is a function used for displaying a value or a data on the screen. Syntax : printf ( format string , variable1, variable2 ) ; Meaning Example Result Format String %d 5 int num=5; Prints a printf( %d",num); Decimal Integer %c R char ch= r ; Prints asingle printf( %c ,ch); character %f Prints afloat float num=14.44; 14.44 value printf( %f ,num); %s Printsa char str[]="icebreakers ; Icebreakers String printf( %s ,str); Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

Sc Sca an nf f Printf : It is a function used for accepting a value or a data from keyboard. scanf ( format string , &variable1, &variable2 ) ; Syntax : Meaning Example Result Format String %d scanf( %d",&num); Reads a %d accepts the digit number from user andit Decimal will get stored in num variable. Integer %c scanf( %c ,&ch); Reads a %c accepts the character from user and itwill single get stored in ch variable. character %f scanf( %f ,&num); Reads a float %f accepts the float number from user andit value will get stored in numvariable. %s scanf( %s ,str); Readsa %s accepts the string from user and it willget ( & is notrequired) String stored in str variable.

Solved Solved Programs Programs Program 1 : First Program in C to wish Hello World to user. #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> intmain() { clrscr(); charname[10]; //including the header file //including the header file //Clear the output screen //variabledeclaration Output: printf ( Enter Name:: ); Scanf( %s ,name); //Displaying the message //Accepting the data Enter Name::icebreakers Hello icebreakers printf( \nHello%s ,name); getch(); screen return0; } //function for quick output Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com

Solved Solved Programs Programs Program 2 : c program to print integer #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> intmain() { clrscr(); Int a; //including the header file //including the header file //Clear the output screen //variabledeclaration Output: Enter an integer 45 printf("Enter an integer\n"); Scanf( %d ,&a); //Displaying the message //Accepting the data Integer the you have entered is 45 printf("Integer that you have entered is %d\n", a); getch(); screen return0; } //function for quick output For more detail contact us Buy book Online - www.icebreakerspublications.com For more detail contact us