Introduction to Linguistics: Syntax and Homework Analysis
Explore the fundamentals of linguistics with a focus on syntax, generative linguistics according to Noam Chomsky, and an analysis of phrases in homework assignments. Test your knowledge with constituency tests and practice creating tree diagrams for sentences.
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Presentation Transcript
SESSION 7 INTRODUCTION TO LINGUISTICS SHUK HAN (SARA) HO 015/12/2020 BIEWANGER & BECKER P.2
SYNTAX Generative linguistics Noam Chomsky (1928 Transformational Grammar, Minimalist Program, Universal Grammar
TYPE OF PHRASE Term Head Examples Noun Phrase (NP) Noun Mary, she, the boy, the man with the glasses, the girl who stood at the corner Verb Phrase (VP) Verb has/was asked, may ask, is asking, may have been asked Adjective Phrase (AdjP) Adjective old, young, ambitious Adverb Phrase (AdvP) Adverb very quickly, right here Preposition Phrase (PP) Preposition At work, in the garden on the roof, after the match has finished
HOMEWORK Consider the phrases in bold. Identify their phrase type. Label each word in the phrase for its word class and specify the head. 1. I. John called me an idiot. VP called verb. Head. me noun/pronoun. an- article/determiner. idiot- noun II. It s never too early to think about the future. AdjP too adverb. early adjective Head III. He spends all his money on horses. NP all determiner/quantifier. His determiner/possessive. money noun Head IV. This task is ridiculously difficult for us. AdjP ridiculously adverb. difficult adjective Head. for preposition. us noun/pronoun
HOMEWORK 2. constituency tests. Which of the following is the preferred analysis for the sentence? Explain your answer using one of the a. [They NP] [trusted VP] [in a friend. PP] b. [They NP] [trusted in VP] [a friend. NP] Movement Test In God we trust / God we trust in ? Substitution Test [They] [trusted] [in some strangers]/ [They] [trusted in] [some strangers] Deletion Test They trusted / They trusted in (transitive verb) Constituent Test In whom they trusted/ who they trusted in
HOMEWORK 3. own tree diagram of the following sentence: Advanced question: Draw your She spent all her life in the village.
