Justice in the Context of Russian Armed Aggression
Methodology was audience-focused, surveying 2000 respondents in Ukraine on the impact of the conflict. Losses suffered included health deterioration, income loss, family separation, and more. The images highlight territorial distribution and attitudes towards lustration.
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Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression January 3-12, 2025 1
Methodology o Audience: population of Ukraine aged 18 and older in all oblasts, except for the temporarily occupied territories of Crimea and Donbas, as well as areas where Ukrainian mobile communication was not available at the time of the survey. The results are weighted using the latest data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The sample is representative in terms of age, gender and settlement type o Sample population: 2000 respondents o Survey method: CATI (Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing). Based on a random sample of mobile phone numbers o The margin of error of the study with the confidence interval of 0.95: does not exceed 2,2% o Dates of the survey: January 3-12, 2025. Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group The survey was conducted at the request of the Center for Human Rights ZMINA. January 3-12, 2025 2
Methodology Territorial distribution based on the regions where respondents lived before February 24, 2022: Hostilities zones (partially or fully occupied oblasts in which active hostilities are taking place): Donetsk, Zaporizhzhya, Luhansk oblasts. Front-line zones (oblasts near the hostilities zone, some of which are subject to constant fire): Dnipropetrovsk, Mykolaiv, Odesa oblasts. De-occupied zones (regions that were partially occupied): Kyiv, Sumy, Chernihiv, Kharkiv, Kherson oblasts. West and Center (oblasts that were not occupied (absolutely or almost): Vinnytsia, Volyn, Zhytomyr, Zakarpattia, Ivano- Frankivsk, Kirovohrad, Lviv, Khmelnytsky, Chernivtsi, Cherkasy oblasts. Kyiv city designated as separate group due to proximity to military activities until April 2022 and a high level of internal migration. Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group MACROREGIONES: Poltava, Rivne, Ternopil, January 3-12, 2025 3
What losses have you suffered because of the war? SEVERAL ANSWERS 50 Deterioration of psycho-emotional state 49 50 36 Deterioration of health 39 38 Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group 24 28 29 Loss of income 20 25 Family separation 23 21 Death of a loved one 20 19 17 22 Loss of employment 19 01'2025 07'2024 10'2023 15 18 17 Severance of relations with family members, loved ones 17 Injury to a loved one 17 17 14 Forced relocation or migration 16 15 16 Destruction or damage to movable or immovable property 15 14 7 Loss of business 7 8 9 Have not experienced any losses 2 2 January 3-12, 2025 4 7 Other 7 5
Can lustration be used as one of the tools to restore trust in government institutions after the war? Regions. Age Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group Kyiv 29 44 3 11 13 West 30 40 4 16 9 Absolutely yes 6 De-occupied zones 27 41 9 12 12 11 29 Rather yes Front-line zones 31 36 5 16 12 Center 26 39 6 20 9 Rather no 16 Hostilities zones 30 29 6 21 15 Absolutely no 60+ 38 31 8 13 11 50-59 31 37 4 13 15 Difficult to answer 39 40-49 29 38 7 14 13 30-39 26 42 5 18 9 18-29 14 52 2 25 6 January 3-12, 2025 7
If lustration is considered as a mechanism to restrict access to state positions for those who collaborated with the occupation authorities, to whom should it be applied first? NO MORE THAN 3 ANSWERS Stayed in Ukraine-controlled territories while collaborating with or supporting the Russian Federation Were elected as deputies or heads of illegally created local self-government bodies in the occupied territories 53 Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group 51 Worked in illegally established occupation authorities and administrations 50 Served in the military, law enforcement, or judicial bodies in the occupied territories 37 Conducted business and paid taxes in the occupied territories 13 Remained living in the occupied territories 8 Worked in the education sector in the occupied territories 6 Worked in the media sector 5 Worked in the cultural sector 2 Other 3 January 3-12, 2025 Difficult to answer 5 8
Which government positions should be prohibited for those who had connections with Russia after the start of aggression in 2014? NO MORE THAN 3 ANSWERS 79 Any positions in state government bodies Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group Positions in judicial and law enforcement agencies 62 High-ranking political and military positions 57 Positions in local self-government and national-level bodies 18 No restrictions on holding positions 3 Difficult to answer 2 January 3-12, 2025 9
Should Ukrainian lawyers who continued their work in temporarily occupied territories face restrictions on their rights? Regions. Age Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group Kyiv 22 69 9 1 17 West 19 73 1 7 De-occupied zones 17 74 2 7 Center 16 72 2 10 8 Hostilities zones 16 75 1 9 Front-line zones 14 75 2 9 60+ 21 68 2 8 73 50-59 15 72 2 11 40-49 19 75 1 5 Yes, they should be deprived of the right to practice as Ukrainian lawyers 30-39 17 73 1 9 No, they are defending Ukrainian citizens in occupied territories 18-29 9 82 1 7 The actions of each lawyer should be assessed individually January 3-12, 2025 Difficult to answer 10
Should Ukrainian lawyers who continued to work in occupied territories face criminal liability? Regions. Age Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group West 11 82 2 5 3 6 10 Center 10 85 2 2 De-occupied zones 10 81 4 6 Kyiv 8 83 3 5 Front-line zones 8 83 1 8 Hostilities zones 7 74 7 11 60+ 13 79 4 4 50-59 82 9 82 2 7 40-49 8 83 2 7 Yes, all who continued working in the occupied territories 30-39 8 85 2 5 Only lawyers, who collaborated with Russia and occupation administrations, including holding official positions, should be punished No, lawyers should not be punished for continuing to work in the occupied territories 18-29 7 83 2 8 January 3-12, 2025 Difficult to answer 11
What is your attitude towards the experience of conducting lustration in Ukraine during 2014-2016? Among those who are aware or have heard about the lustration process (N=1334) Are you aware of the lustration process in Ukraine during 2014-2016? 1 Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group 6 9 23 23 33 11 15 35 44 Absolutely positive Rather positive Rather negative Absolutely negative I am indifferent Difficult to answer Yes, I am well aware of it Yes, I ve heard something about it No, I know nothing about it Difficult to answer January 3-12, 2025 12
Who should be responsible for conducting lustration to address the consequences of the war? Regions. Age Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group 5 4 19 Kyiv 21 11 3 8 44 13 Front-line zones 19 11 5 6 41 18 18 West 18 12 4 4 44 18 10 Center 22 6 4 4 46 19 De-occupied zones 19 8 4 5 42 21 Hostilities zones 12 13 5 5 44 21 43 18-29 20 9 2 4 45 20 A National Lustration Commission under the Ministry of Justice or another ministry 30-39 21 7 3 5 45 19 A National Lustration Commission under the Ukrainian Institute of National Memory 40-49 20 10 6 3 44 17 A new special nationwide body for conducting lustration 50-59 20 9 5 7 41 18 Local self-government bodies or territorial communities 60+ Other 15 12 5 6 43 19 January 3-12, 2025 Difficult to answer 13
Are you willing to report any information you know about cases of Ukrainian citizens collaborating with occupation authorities to the body conducting lustration? Regions. Age Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group 3 West 64 7 13 2 13 15 Center 62 8 13 2 14 Kyiv 68 9 6 4 13 14 Hostilities zones 55 8 18 4 15 De-occupied zones 58 7 14 4 16 61 Front-line zones 54 7 17 3 19 8 18-29 61 16 14 3 7 Willing to report all the information I know 30-39 62 8 15 2 13 Willing to gather data and pass it on to the relevant body 40-49 64 10 14 2 11 Willing, but only regarding situations or actions of individuals that harmed my loved ones or me Not willing to report 50-59 63 3 13 4 17 60+ 56 5 13 4 22 January 3-12, 2025 Difficult to answer 14
In your opinion, what emotions and feelings should places and events for honouring memory evoke? NO MORE THAN 3 ANSWERS Gratitude and recognition of heroism 65 Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group Memory of the events and respect for the deceased 50 Responsibility for the future 29 Hope that such events will not happen again 28 Restoration of justice 24 Grief and longing for the victims 21 Awareness of historical significance 17 Sense of belonging to a community 5 Determination in the correctness of one's own choice 4 Other 1 January 3-12, 2025 Difficult to answer 1 16
Which events and actions of Ukrainians in response to Russian aggression should be honoured first? NO MORE THAN 3 ANSWERS Military heroism 66 Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group Volunteering and rescuing ordinary citizens 59 Fundraising for the army 28 Civilian resistance, including in occupied territories 24 Work and restoration of critical infrastructure under shelling 24 Assistance to refugees and internally displaced persons 15 International support from partner countries 13 Participation of foreign citizens in Ukraine's defense 10 Participation of women in the defense of the country 9 Solidarity and support from citizens of other countries 4 Everyday life in shelters 2 Other 1 January 3-12, 2025 Difficult to answer 1 17
Which forms of honouring the memory of the Russian-Ukrainian war should be prioritized? NO MORE THAN 5 ANSWERS Implementation of support and assistance programs for families of the fallen 52 Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group Production of documentary and feature films 48 Creation of a museum or thematic exhibitions 36 Establishment of a Memory Park 35 Installation of a monument or sculpture 34 Scholarships for children and youth in honour of the fallen 30 Introduction of a nationwide memory lesson 26 Creation of a Digital Memorial or archive 25 Establishment of a Memory Alley (informational banners) 24 Educational courses in schools and universities 21 Programs for visiting war memorial sites 13 Renaming of streets 13 Sports competitions in honour of the fallen 10 Themed tours in memory of the fallen 9 Other 1 January 3-12, 2025 Difficult to answer 1 18
What events or places would you be willing to visit in memory of the war? NO MORE THAN 3 ANSWERS Burial sites of the deceased 64 Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group Opening of a memorial site or object 39 Burial or commemoration sites of loved ones in other regions 23 Public events at symbolic locations 20 Museum exhibitions and displays 17 Artistic events (film screenings, performances, and concerts) 11 Meetings of people with similar experiences 9 Religious events 8 Educational events 7 Themed tours 6 Sports events 5 Online events 3 Other 1 I will not participate in such events 2 January 3-12, 2025 Difficult to answer 2 19
Select the statement that best reflects your perspective Regions. Age Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group Kyiv 47 3 50 3 West 44 3 54 Front-line zones 41 3 57 41 De-occupied zones 41 5 55 Center 38 3 59 Hostilities zones 28 2 70 56 60+ 43 4 52 50-59 38 4 57 40-49 43 3 54 A unified style should be established for tombstones, memorial plaques, and other commemorative objects 30-39 40 3 57 18-29 36 1 63 The style of tombstones, memorial plaques, and other commemorative objects should be chosen individually, based on personal preferences and financial means January 3-12, 2025 Difficult to answer 20
In your opinion, who should decide on events to honour the memory of victims and participants of the Russian- Ukrainian war? NO MORE THAN 3 ANSWERS Local self-government bodies 39 Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group The Ukrainian Institute of National Memory 36 Relatives of the deceased and victims 32 The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine 27 The government or specific ministries 25 The President of Ukraine 22 Public and charitable organizations 19 Ordinary citizens 12 Museums and memorial complexes 6 Academic institutions 4 Other 1 January 3-12, 2025 Difficult to answer 2 21
What main tasks should the Ukrainian Institute of National Memory focus on during the ongoing Russian- Ukrainian war? NO MORE THAN 3 ANSWERS Collecting information and researching facts about the events of the war 52 Justice in the context of Russian armed aggression | Rating group Disseminating information about the war worldwide 31 Preserving information and verifying facts of collaboration with the occupiers 28 Fostering patriotism, national consciousness, and active civic engagement 24 Countering the effects of Russian propaganda 24 Development and implementation of state memory policy 21 Initiating the creation of memorials, cemeteries, and monuments 19 Organizing an archive of war events 19 Coordinating the work of central and local authorities on commemorating memory 12 Conducting decommunization and derussification 10 Preparing exhibitions and educational materials 4 Other 1 January 3-12, 2025 Difficult to answer 3 22
CONTACTS CONTACTS Sociological group RATING 01010, Kyiv, 20 Esplanadna Street +380 (95) 578-68-68 +380 (97) 578-68-68 http://ratinggroup.ua/ info@ratinggroup.ua C:\Users\Rating\Desktop\f1.png C:\Users\Rating\Desktop\tw1.png 23
