Lamarck - Revolutionary Biologist and Botanist
Lamarck, a renowned biologist and botanist, started his career in the military before delving into medicine and eventually focusing on biology. His theory on the transformation of living organisms laid the groundwork for Darwin's evolution theory. Despite facing blindness and poverty in his later years, Lamarck's contributions to science were recognized posthumously. Explore his insights on evolution and hereditary traits in this informative content.
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Presentation Transcript
Svojo kariero je zael v vojski, kot je bil obiaj za mo ke potomce Ko so ga zaradi zdravstvenih te av odpustili iz vojske, je el tudirat medicino, a je tudij kmalu opustil in se posvetil biologiji. Predvsem ga je zanimala botanika. Lamarck je zapustil bogato znanstveno zapu ino s podro ja biologije in botanike ter izredno velik herbarij rastlin z vseh delov Evrope in ostalega sveta
Razvil je tudi znamenito teorijo o transformaciji v ivem svetu, ki je kasneje slu ila kot teoretska podlaga za Darwinovo teorijo o evoluciji. Zadnja leta svojega ivljenja je moral pre iveti v slepoti in v veliki rev ini. ele po njegovi smrti so Francozi spoznali njegov pomen in mu leta 1908 postavili spomenik v pari kem botani nem vrtu Jardin des Plantes.
Lamarck je skual odgovoriti na vpraanja zakaj in kako se rastlinske in ivalske vrste spreminjajo. Postavil je dve trditvi: 1. Zakon o rabi in nerabi 2. Zakon pridobljenih lastnost
Zakon o rabi in nerabi: To pomeni to, da tiste organe ki jih zelo uporabljamo se razvijajo in ve ajo, tiste ki pa jih ne uporabljamo pa slabijo, se manj ajo ali celo izginejo. Zakon pridobljenih lastnosti: Ta zakon pomeni, da iva bitja lahko prena ajo lastnosti ki jih v ivljenju pridobijo. (Ta zakon se je izna el za napa nega, zdaj ima zgodovinski pomen)
Prvotne irafe naj bi bile kratkovratne. Zaradi elje po obiranju listja z dreves je irafa za ela iztegovati vrat. Ta navada se je pri irafah ohranila dalj i as, pri tem so se skozi ve generacij dalj ali vrat in sprednje noge.
Po Lamarcku so dolgovrati potomci, ki lahko seejo do est metrov vi ine posledica iztegovanja in dedovanja te lastnosti skozi ve generacij. Danes vemo, da spremembe telesnih delov zaradi vpliva okolja ali rabe/nerabe niso dedne, zato razlaga ne dr i.
