Lambda Expressions and Functions Overview
Lambda expressions and functions are fundamental concepts in programming, specifically in languages like Java. An overview is provided on how lambda expressions are structured and utilized, along with examples showcasing their versatility in different scenarios. The content delves into the core components of lambda expressions and demonstrates their practical application in a variety of contexts, shedding light on their significance in modern programming paradigms.
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HEALTH RISK FOR PROFESSIONAL AND RECREATIONAL ATHLETES Deniel Pe i , MD, SM Belgrade 2023
STATUS OF PHYSICALLY ACTIVE PERSONS : 1. Professional athletes (>10h per week) 2. Competitive athletes (>6h per week) 3. Elite recreational players (?) 4. Recreational people (>4h per week) 5. Occasional practitioners 6. Sedentary lifestyle
Long-term intensive exercise: - Increased risk for AF - increased risk for calcified arteries - myocardial fibrosis - increased risk of SCD 1:50,000 Positive effects of exercise: 33% reduction in total mortality 35% reduction in CV mortality 32% reduction in HTA risk 42% reduction of DMT2 reduction of cancer risk
INJURIES IN SPORTS: - Endogenous and exogenous influences - Sports - Equipment - Vital functions - Skeletal and muscular system - Cost Burden EU: (fracture 37.4 bil, Stroke 20 bil, Heart 19 bil) HemlundE, SvedbomA, IvergardM et all.(2013) EFPIA
Number of competiton days for athletes of international rank in different sports. The date were obtained from internationally recognized experts in the mentioned sports (Issurin, 2007) 1980-1990 35 1991-2000 45 2023 35 road cycling events Cycling Run midle distance 28 Fancing Wrestling Judo Sailing Kayak Swimming 35 22 29 21 57 31 32 14 21 12 40 23 24 87c senior 32 c (122d) m and w
Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J. 2016 Apr-Jun; 12(2): 7680. doi: 10.14797/mdcj-12-2-76 PMCID: PMC4969030 Sudden Cardiac Death in Athletes -SCD is the most frequent medical cause of death in athletes 1 in 40-80k/year -0.9% 4525, cardiomyopathy, coronary dis, arrhythmia, aortopath -75% SCD at competitions -100-160 SCD/year 1 per 24,000 (Veneto region) Caucasian athletes (1 per 17,000 versus 1 per 58,000), with the highest incidence of SCD in male African-American athletes at 1 per 13,000 per year. In Western countries, SCD is estimated to account for up to 13 20% of all deaths.
Sudden Cardiac Death in Athletes Andrew D Silva and Michael Papadakis St George s University of London, St George s University Hospital Foundation NHS Trust, London, UK, 2015 Of the 45 SCDs in US college athletes, a structurally normal heart was the most common finding at post-mortem accounting for 31 % of cases, while idiopathic LVH was present in 8 % The predominant cause of SCD in athletes aged >35 years is atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD), identified in more than 80 % of cases.
The 3 main comorbidities 1994-2022 (7675) Asthma, Epi, Obesity -Sudden arrhythmic death syndrome 63% (but SCD more in rest and sleep) -Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, coronary artery anomalies, and commotio cordis are more common
Spinal column deformity - Kyphosis - Scoliosis - Lordosis - Pelvis (tilt) - Shovel (tilt)
Flat feet - Foot deformities
Weak points of the knees Activity Walking Bike Stair Ascend Stair Descend Jogging Squatting Deep Squating Force 850 N 850 N 1500 N 4000 N 5000 N 5000 N 15.000 N % Body Weight x BW x BW 3.3 x BW 5 x BW 7 x BW 7 x BW 20 x BW Load on the knee joint: -Standing on both legs 107% TT -Walking 261% TT -Descent down the stairs 349% TT -In case of loss of balance, up to 550% TT https:/www.ortobullets.com/recon/9065/knee-biomechanics
Medical examination of the athlete: RULE BOOK on conducting health examinations of athletes and sports experts "Official Gazette of RS", number 88 of June 22, 2020. 1. Lab (complete blood analysis, glycemia, urine) 2. Body commposition (In-body) 3. Spiroegrometry (CPET) 4. ECG (rest and stress test, TA) 5. Auscultation heart and lung and systems (brief inf) 6. Posture (spine, foot, scapula, pelvis..) 7. Trainings (frequent, time..) 8. US heart 9. Test of strength, speed, explosiveness..
Laboratory (wider): - (Hgb, Er, Le, Pl, glicemia) - Urine -AST -ALT - gamma GT - LDH - CK (creatin kinase) - alpha amylase - Urea - Creatinine -Albumine - Total protein - Cholesterol-total, HDL, LDL - Uric acid - Fe - Na - K - Cl - Ca - P - Mg
US , every 6/12 months: - Easy and quick method - Assasment of the structural relationships and function of the heart with blood vessels - Blood flow through heart cavities and blood vessels - Anatomical relationships and dimensions
CPET (cardio-pulmonary load test), the gold standard for checking the capacity of professional athletes - Electrocardiographic record (ECG), - Maximum value of heart rate (HRmax), - Blood pressure, - RPP (oxygen consumption index of the heart), - Gas analyzes (PO2, PCO2, Pet CO2), - RQ (respiratory coefficient), - Breathing capacity (lung reserve), - Dynamics of energy consumption, - Aerobic Threshold (LT), - Anaerobic Threshold (LAT), - Absolute and relative VO2max consumption, - VO2max and anaerobic threshold ratio, - Heart rate values during the test and recovery, - VE/VCO2 ratio.
