Latin Demonstratives: Types and Usage
Explore the Latin demonstratives including "hic, haec, hoc" for the first person, "ille, illa, illud" for the third person, and "iste, ista, istud" for the second person. Understand how they correspond to English demonstratives and their singular/plural forms.
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Presentation Transcript
Latin Grammar The Demonstratives: hic, haec, hoc iste, ista, istud ille, illa, illud is, ea, id
Demonstratives The verb d m nstr in Latin means to point out. Demonstratives are words that point, like this or that in English. this dog that dog
Demonstratives In Latin, we have learned two demonstratives so far: hic, haec, hoc (= this) ille, illa, illud (= that) 1. 2.
Demonstratives In English, this is used for things near the first person; that is used for things near the second or third person.
Third Person This dog. That dog. Second Person First Person
Latin Demonstratives and English Demonstratives So English has two demonstratives: this for things near the first person that for things near the second person and third person. Latin has THREE demonstratives that are used like English this and that. hic, haec, hoc for things near the first person iste, ista, istud for things near the second person ille, illa, illud for things near the third person. 1. 2.
iste, ista, istud singular ista istam ist us ill us plural istae ist s ill s singular illa illam plural illae ille illum illud illud illa iste istum ist us ill us istud istud ist us ill us ista ista illa ill rum ist ill ist s ill s ist rum ill rum ist rum ill rum ist rum ist ill ist ill ist ill ist s ill s ist s ill s ist s ill s ist ill ist ill ist ill ist s ill s ist s ill s ist s ill s
Third Person hic canis. iste canis. ille canis. First Person Second Person
Facts to Know hic, haec, hoc is the demonstrative of the first person iste, ista, istud is the demonstrative of the second person ille, illa, illud is the demonstrative of the third person.
is, ea, id is, ea, id is another demonstrative. singular ea eam eius e plural eae e s is id id ea ea e eum eius e e s eius e e rum e rum e rum e s e s e s e e e e s e s e s
is, ea, id is, ea, id is not used to point in space. It is used to point to things mentioned in conversation. It translates in several ways: this that he, she, it, they
her in ui canem u d . eum canem ego quoque u d .
is, ea, id Latin has first and second person pronouns, singular and plural: ego, t , n s, u s Oddly, it has no third person pronouns no he, she, it, and they. Instead, it uses is, ea, id.
is, ea, id John went to school yesterday. He arrived at 8 a.m.
her in ui canem u d . eum ego quoque u d .
Facts to know Latin has no third person pronouns. Instead, it uses the demonstrative is, ea, id
