Link Budget Calculator for NB and UWB
"Explore the link budget calculator for narrowband (NB) and ultrawideband (UWB) hybrid operations, aiding in analyzing the balance between NB and UWB link budgets. A MATLAB shared code calculator is offered to facilitate agreement on this critical issue."
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March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: Link budget calculator for NB and UWB Date Submitted: 11 March, 2022 Source: Rani Keren, Shimi Shilo, Ziyang Guo, Peng Liu, David Yang Xun (Huawei Technologies) E-Mail: rani.keren@huawei.com Abstract: Link budget calculator for NB and UWB. Purpose: Assist in analyzing the link budget balance for NB and UWB hybrid operation. Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the authoring individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The authors(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Link budget calculator Slide 1 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > PAR Objective Safeguards so that the high throughput data use cases will not cause significant disruption to low duty-cycle ranging use cases Interference mitigation techniques to support higher density and higher traffic use cases Other coexistence improvement Proposed Solution (how addressed) Backward compatibility with enhanced ranging capable devices (ERDEVs) Improved link budget and/or reduced air-time Additional channels and operating frequencies Improvements to accuracy / precision / reliability and interoperability for high-integrity ranging Reduced complexity and power consumption Hybrid operation with narrowband signaling to assist UWB Calculator for analyzing link budget balance between NB and UWB PHYs for candidate hybrid operation proposals. Enhanced native discovery and connection setup mechanisms Sensing capabilities to support presence detection and environment mapping Low-power low-latency streaming Higher data-rate streaming allowing at least 50 Mbit/s of throughput Support for peer-to-peer, peer-to-multi-peer, and station-to- infrastructure protocols Infrastructure synchronization mechanisms Link budget calculator Slide 2 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Introduction A key factor in ensuring the feasibility of a narrowband and UWB hybrid operation is having a NB link budget that is equal to or higher than UWB link budget. Multiple previous submissions analyze the balance between NB and UWB link budgets for narrowband assisted UWB. There is no decisive conclusion yet, mainly because each analysis is based on different configurations and assumptions. We offer a MATLAB shared code calculator that could serve as a common ground for a final agreement on this issue. This work is a follow-up to UWB and NB link budget comparison <15-22-0051-01-04ab>, Jan. 2022, Ziyang Guo et. al. Link budget calculator Slide 3 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Benefits of the calculator Can verify the link budget calculations of all previous and future submissions based on a common shared code. Can be further maintained by the group participants until final decision is taken. Can bring up for discussion any technical disagreements with regards to the calculation flow or input configurations. Can bring up differences between input configurations of various submissions and help closing gaps. Link budget calculator Slide 4 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Characteristics of the calculator Shared code MATLAB script Participants are welcome to review and propose corrections/enhancements to the code. Enables definition of multiple NB and UWB PHY modes. Flexible format of input configurations For example: transmit power can be either configured directly or derived by configuration of lower level parameters that determine transmit power. For example: UWB sensitivity can either be based on ranging or data decoding. Includes preconfigured inputs corresponding to all previous submissions Link budget calculator Slide 5 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Characteristics of the calculator Outputs a summary results table that enables evaluating and comparing the link budget balance between the multiple PHY modes. Link budget calculator Slide 6 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Format of inputs structure Input configuration is assigned to a flexible and hierarchical structure Link budget calculator Slide 7 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Example input configuration Corresponds to submission: Link budget analysis for narrowband assisted multi-millisecond UWB <15-22-0074-00-04ab>, Jan. 2022, Ersen Ekrem et. al. Link budget calculator Slide 8 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Example output table Corresponds to submission: Link budget analysis for narrowband assisted multi-millisecond UWB <15- 22-0074-00-04ab>, Jan. 2022, Ersen Ekrem et. al. Link budget calculator Slide 9 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Calculation flow formulas = + + [ ] [ / ] [ ] [ ] TxImpLoss [ ] P dBm PSD dBm MHz B dBMHz GG dB dB TX TX TX 1 mSec = [ ] [ ] GGTX dB dB ( ) min 1 , PacketLeng th mSec = + + + [ ] [ / ] [ ] [ ] RxImpLoss [ ] P dBm PSD dBm MHz B dBMHz SNR dB dB min RX noise E R ( _ ) data decoding = [ ] [ ] b b SNR dB dB min N B 0 min ( ) ( _ ) ranging tof preamble = [ ] [ ] NumChipsIn TofPreambl e[dB] SNR dB SNR dB min min 2 2 4 d f f ref c = c [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] LB dB P dBm P dBm dB Alternatively use: PreFade TX RX c f c ref = [ ] [ ] RequiredFa dingMargin [dB] LB dB LB dB PostFade PreFade Link budget calculator Slide 10 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Notes about link budget calculation Each PHY mode link budget calculation is directly derived from its corresponding input configuration. There is no calculation dependency between various PHY modes. A UWB PHY mode link budget is independent of its pulse repetition frequency (PRF) TX power and RX sensitivity independency of PRF: TX power is derived by regulation restrictions RX data decoding sensitivity is derived by total energy per information bit which is only dependent on RX power and data-rate. RX ranging sensitivity is derived by ToF processing gain which is dependent on overall number of chips in preamble. In a higher PRF, the same transmit power is spread over more pulses. At the receiver, more pulses are coherently recombined to yield the same receive power. Link budget calculator Slide 11 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Analyzed submissions List of submissions for which corresponding input configuration has been generated and link budget calculation has been reproduced: IR-UWB link budget analysis and how it compares with NB signaling <15-21-0394-02-04ab>, Jul. 2021, Koorosh Akhavan UWB wakeup signaling <15-21-0557-01-04ab>, Nov. 2021, Michael McLaughlin et. al. (*) UWB and NB link budget comparison <15-22-0051-01-04ab>, Jan. 2022, Ziyang Guo et. al. Link budget analysis for narrowband assisted multi-millisecond UWB <15-22-0074-00-04ab>, Jan. 2022, Ersen Ekrem et. al. Link budget analysis UWB vs NB <15-22-0094-01-04ab>, Jan. 2022, Michael McLaughlin (*) (*) Open issue with respect to claimed Data PRF Gain Link budget calculator Slide 12 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > NB required fading margin In case we are at the edge of the UWB link budget and want to ensure that NB still has 99% coverage of multipath scenarios, we need to calculate the fading margin that corresponds to 1% outage probability (probability of no coverage due to 14dB insufficient channel capacity) This fading margin can be derived from the BER-vs-SNR analysis in AWGN + Rayleigh fading where the 1% worst case realizations are excluded. A simulation that analyzes OQPSK DSSS modulation shows that for BER=1e-4 (PER=1% for ~100 data bits packet), the required fading margin is 14dB. Link budget calculator Slide 13 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Summary We present a MATLAB based link budget calculator and offer its use by the participants in order to help reaching agreements with regards to NB/UWB link budget balance. We clarify the criterion for determining the NB required fading margin based on Rayleigh fading BER-vs-SNR results. Link budget calculator Slide 14 Rani Keren (Huawei)
March 2022 doc.: < 15-22-0145-00-04ab > Calculator MATLAB code Link budget calculator Slide 15 Rani Keren (Huawei)
