A construction contract is an agreement for the construction of an asset or interconnected assets defined by design, technology, and purpose. Understanding contract types based on pricing methods is essential, like fixed-price and cost-plus contracts. Key aspects include accounting challenges regarding revenue recognition and contract status at specific financial dates, and variations or claims that affect contract revenue. Proper execution and documentation are crucial to manage changes and financial implications effectively.
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Presentation Transcript
LKAS 11: Construction Contracts Rangajewa Herath B.Sc. Accountancy and Financial Management(Sp.) (Hons.) (USJ) , Master of Business Administration -PIM(USJ)
What is a construction Contract? Contract construction of an asset or a combination of assets that are closely interdependent in terms of their design, technology and function or their ultimate purpose or use. specifically negotiated for the interrelated or
Types of contract based on Pricing Method 1. Fixed Price Contract e.g: Contract Price = Rs.100 million 2. Cost plus Contract e.g: Contract Price = Cost + 20% e.g: Contract Price = Cost + Rs.20 million
The main issue in relation to accounting for constriction contracts Date of Completion Date of commencement 01/07/ 2016 01/07/ 2014 01/01 /2014 31/12 /2014 31/12 /2015 31/12 /2016 Contract period Contract Price = Rs. 100 million Contract cost = Rs.80 million Contract Profit = Rs.20 million How much revenue, cost and profit should be recognized for year ended 31/12/2014, 31/12/2015 and 31/12/2016 ?
Stage of Completion (a) surveys of work performed Stage of Completion = Value of work certified x 100% Total contract price (b) completion of a physical proportion of the contract work Stage of Completion = Nos. of units completed x 100% Total Nos. of unit (c) the proportion that contract costs incurred for work performed to date bear to the estimated total contract costs Stage of Completion = Cost incurred x 100% Total estimated Cost
A variation is an instruction by the customer for a change in the scope of the work to be performed under the contract. A variation may lead to an increase or a decrease in contract revenue. Examples of variations are changes in the specifications or design of the asset and changes in the duration of the contract. A claim is an amount that the contractor seeks to collect from the customer or another party as reimbursement for costs not included in the contract price. A claim may arise from, for example, customer caused delays, errors in specifications or design, and disputed variations in contract work. The measurement of the amounts of revenue arising from claims is subject to a high level of uncertainty and often depends on the outcome of negotiations
Incentive payments are additional amounts paid to the contractor if specified performance standards are met or exceeded. For example, a contract may allow for an incentive payment to the contractor for early completion of the contract.
Contract Cost (a) Costs that relate directly to the specific contract (b) Costs that are attributable to contract activity in general and can be allocated to the contract (c) Such other costs as are specifically chargeable to the customer under the terms of the contract
