Lung Abscess: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
A lung abscess is a pus-filled cavity in the lung caused by bacterial infection, leading to serious complications if not treated promptly. Learn about the types of lung abscess, symptoms, causes, and available treatments to address this condition effectively.
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Presentation Transcript
Wives Sirach 25-26 Evil women All? Most? Some? Origin of evil? What makes them evil? What to do about it? Good women What makes her good? Do these attitudes persist today?
Daughters Sirach 42:9-14 The birth of a daughter is a loss (22:3) Why? What is expected of a good daughter? What is feared of a bad daughter? What to do about it? Do these attitudes persist today? Why does he care?
Honor and shame as a larger system A man s ability to be in control in his profession is measured by his control of his women Women as status symbols, possessions, measures of success Ben Sira s profession depends on his reputation Other passages illustrating fear of shame Even by the standards of his own day Ben Sira is extreme
Wisdom personified as a woman Inherited from Proverbs More than just a metaphor (hypostasis) Feminine God s first-born Instrument of creation Sirach 1, wisdom as divine hypostasis Sirach 24, Torah as divine hypostasis
Where is wisdom found? Learned wisdom God gives wisdom in indirect ways, mostly gained by memorizing the sayings of ancestors and observing creation Revealed wisdom God reveals wisdom directly in sudden mystical visions Social locations
Terminology Non-scholarly usage: the Apocalypse of John the Apocalypse the event (end of the world) or imagery (dark, bizarre) memorable from the Apocalypse of John Apocalypse: (noun) a type of literature Apocalyptic: (adjective) characteristic of apocalypses Apocalypticism: (noun) a religio-social movement based on beliefs characteristic of apocalypses
The literary genre apocalypse Apocalypse is a genre of revelatory literature with a narrative framework, in which a revelation is mediated by an otherworldly being to a human recipient, disclosing a transcendent reality which is both temporal, insofar as it envisages eschatological salvation, and spatial insofar as it involves another, supernatural world. (from Semeia 14, 1979)
The apocalyptic worldview The set of ideas typically implicit in the use of the literary genre Revelation: in order to understand the visible realm one must seek secret knowledge from heaven. Seen from a bird s-eye (heaven s- eye) perspective, the visible, present world looks different. Spatial axis: the visible world is determined by the actions of invisible agents (angels, demons). Besides the visible world, there are invisible places of reward and punishment (heaven and hell). Temporal axis: the present world will soon be overturned. The broad pattern of history has been an exponential decline, but God will soon (at an appointed time) intervene to restore or replace the entire cosmos.
History of scholarship on the relationship between wisdom and apocalypticism Inherently in tension rejected. The Dead Sea Scrolls and the historical Jesus seem to be able to combine them. Apocalypticism grew out of prophecy Apocalypticism grew out of wisdom traditions Apocalypticism was always within the broader category of wisdom traditions Wisdom sayings Theological wisdom (e.g., theodicy) Nature wisdom Mantic wisdom Higher wisdom through revelation Apocalypticism developed independently and was later combined with wisdom and prophecy
