Mastering Hydrocarbons: Quiz Questions and Answers

Do Now Do Now Quiz Quiz

1. 1. What does the term hydrocarbon mean?

2. 2. What is the feature of an alkane?

3. 3. How many bonds can a carbon have?

4. 4. What is the general formula of an alkane?

5. 5. How many Hydrogens would an alkane with 256 Carbons have?

6. 6. What is the prefix (beginning of the word) for a hydrocarbon with 4 carbons?

7. 7. Name the following hydrocarbon:

8. 8. What is the functional group of an alkene?

9. 9. Draw Propene.

10. 10. True or False. Shorter carbon chain hydrocarbons have lower boiling points making them more volatile.

11. 11. What are the two main fractions we use the most from crude oil?

12. 12. What is the process called that we use to separate crude oil into its fractions?

13. 13. True or false. In the fractional distillation column it is cooler at the bottom and hotter at the top.

14. 14. Pick the correct words. Short chain hydrocarbons have high/low boiling points so come off at the top/bottom of the column because it is cooler/hotter.

15. 15. When the crude oil is heated it boils and does what?

1. 1. What does the term hydrocarbon mean? A compound containing A compound containing hydrogen and carbon hydrogen and carbon

2. 2. What is the feature of an alkane? Carbon to Carbon Single Carbon to Carbon Single Bonds Bonds

3. 3. How many bonds can a carbon have? Four Four

4. 4. What is the general formula of an alkane? C Cn nH H2n+2 2n+2

5. 5. How many Hydrogens would an alkane with 256 Carbons have? 514 514

6. 6. What is the prefix (beginning of the word) for a hydrocarbon with 4 carbons? But But- -

7. 7. Name the following hydrocarbon: Pentane Pentane

8. 8. What is the functional group of an alkene? C=C C=C

9. 9. Draw Propene.

10. 10. True or False. Shorter carbon chain hydrocarbons have lower boiling points making them more volatile. True True

11. 11. What are the two main fractions we use the most from crude oil? Petrol and Diesel Petrol and Diesel

12. 12. What is the process called that we use to separate crude oil into its fractions? Fractional Distillation Fractional Distillation

13. 13. True or false. In the fractional distillation column it is cooler at the bottom and hotter at the top. False False

14. 14. Pick the correct words. Short chain hydrocarbons have high/low boiling points so come of at the top/bottom of the column because it is cooler/hotter. Low, top, cooler Low, top, cooler

15. 15. When the crude oil is heated it boils and does what? Evaporate (or turns into Evaporate (or turns into a gas) a gas)

19/03/2025 Cracking

Why would there be a high demand for fuels that contain short chain hydrocarbons?

There is a high demand in short chain molecules more useful than long chain hydrocarbons We change the long chain hydrocarbons into smaller, more useful ones that can be used as fuels for cars short chain molecules because these are CRACKING LONG CHAIN MOLECULE SHORT CHAIN MOLECULE + ALKENE LONG CHAIN MOLECULE SHORT CHAIN MOLECULE + ALKENE NOT USEFUL USEFUL Testing for an alkene: Add ORANGE bromine water, if an alkene is present it will go from orange to colourless

Steam cracking Steam cracking Long chain hydrocarbons are heated to turn them into a gas The hydrocarbon gas is mixed with steam Then heated to a very high temperature which splits them into smaller molecules Catalytic cracking Catalytic cracking Long chain hydrocarbons are heated to turn them into a gas The hydrocarbon gas is passed over hot powdered aluminium oxide catalyst The long chain molecules split apart on the surface of the specks of catalyst

You may be asked to workout the formula: C10H22 C8H18 + ________ Decane Octane + _______

Assessment Assessment In small groups fill in as much of your sheet as you can WITHOUT your notes. As soon as you have done as much as you can without you can THEN start to use your notes to help you.