Measuring What Matters in Primary Care Research
This research focuses on developing a meaningful set of core primary care items through stakeholder input and testing. Clinicians and patients express the need for a more comprehensive approach to assessing primary care quality. The study identifies 11 key domains and proposes an 11-item Person-Centered Primary Care Measure that has proven reliability and validity across various populations.
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Presentation Transcript
FUSES VS CIRCUIT BREAKERS FOR LOW VOLTAGE APPLICATIONS
WHITE PAPER OUTLINE DEFINITIONS INTERRUPTING RATINGS COMPONENT AND SYSTEM PROTECTION Motor Circuit Protection Short Circuit Ratings Type 1 vs Type 2 Protection Power Electronics Applications ARC FLASH MITIGATION SELECTIVE COORDINATION MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS 2 Name of the presentation - date
WHITE PAPER OUTLINE - CONTINUED RESETTING OR REPLACING OVERCURRENT PROTECTIVE DEVICES DIAGNOSTICS RELIABILITY OBSOLESCENCE COST OF OWNERSHIP SUMMARY REFERENCES 3 Name of the presentation - date
INTERRUPTING RATINGS FUSE 200kA or Higher (Class J, R, L, CC, T) Full Voltage Rating CIRCUIT BREAKER 7.5, 10, 14, 18, 20, 22, 25, 30, 35, 42, 50, 65, 85, 100, 125, 150, or 200kA Full or Slash Voltage Rating Series Rated 4 Name of the presentation - date
COMPONENT & SYSTEM PROTECTION FUSES Component Protection Often Possible Type 2 Protection of Motor Starters & Contactors Components Type Tested to 100kA With Class J & CC Higher SCCR For Industrial Control Panels Test Limiters Reduce Testing Costs I2t Protection for Power Electronics CIRCUIT BREAKERS Protects Conductors No Specific Let-thru Limits for CL Breakers Type Testing is Limited 5 Name of the presentation - date
ARC FLASH MITIGATION CIRCUIT BREAKERS HRC 0 or 1 Possible Higher Incident Energy at Higher Fault Levels Advantage vs Fuses above 1200Amp FUSES HRC 0 Likely Above Threshold Current up to 800A Fuse High Energy Possible Larger Ratings & Low Fault Current 6 Name of the presentation - date
SELECTIVE COORDINATION FUSES Follow Mfgs Ratio Tables Selective Under Overload and Short Circuit CIRCUIT BREAKERS Selectivity Difficult With Instantaneous Tripping (below 0.1 sec) Zone Selective Interlocking May Give Selectivity Below 0.1 sec 7 Name of the presentation - date
MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS CIRCUIT BREAKERS Inspection and Preventive Maintenance Electrical Performance and Verification Testing (Field Testing) Insulation Resistance Test Individual Pole Resistance Test Inverse-time Overcurrent Trip Test Instantaneous Overcurrent Trip Test Rated Current Hold-in Test FUSES Inspection and Preventive Maintenance Electrical Performance Testing Not Required 8 Name of the presentation - date
RESETTING OR REPLACING CIRCUIT BREAKERS Reset on an Overload - OK Inspect and Test B4 Reset on a Short Circuit FUSES Replace All Three All Should Have Same Catalog Number 9 Name of the presentation - date
DIAGNOSTICS FUSE Open Fuse Indicators Available Dissect Blown Fuse To Determine Current Level CIRCUIT BREAKER Visual Indication of Status (open, closed, tripped) Diagnostics & Communication With Electronic Trip Units 10 Name of the presentation - date
RELIABILITY CIRCUIT BREAKER Affected By Environmental Factors and Previous Interruptions May Operate Faster or Slower than Expected Lack of Maintenance Reduces Reliability Beware of Refurbished Equipment FUSE Less Affected by Environmental Factors Tired Fuse May Open Prematurely Will Not Operate Slower With Age Replace All Three Fuses For Maximum Reliability 11 Name of the presentation - date
OBSOLESCENCE CIRCUIT BREAKER Increase in Fault Current may Over-duty CB Equipment SCCR Tied to a Specific CB Cat Number FUSE 200kA IR Unlikely to Become Obsolete Equipment SCCR Tied to Fuse Class Not Specific Mfg 12 Name of the presentation - date
COST OF OWNERSHIP REAL OR PERCEIVED? INITIAL COST Lowest for Low IR CBs Highest for High IR CBs MAINTENANCE COST Lower for Fuses Higher for CBs OBSOLESCENCE COST More Likely to be High with CBs 13 Name of the presentation - date
SUMMARY Attribute Fuse CB Interrupting Rating Component & System Protection Arc Flash Mitigation Selective Coordination Maintenance Requirements Resetting or Replacing Diagnostics Reliability Obsolescence Cost of Ownership 14 Name of the presentation - date
