Mexico's Data Collection on Disability: Trends and Strategies
Explore Mexico's historical journey in collecting data on disability, from early censuses to modern household surveys. Discover the shifts in methodologies and parameters used for identification, reflecting the nation's evolving understanding of disability. Learn about key sources of information since 2010, shedding light on daily life activities and limitations faced by individuals.
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Mexico's experience in collecting data on disability M.D. H ctor Javier Garc a Contreras National Institute of Statistic and Geography (INEGI). M xico 2nd meeting of the Global Network for Monitoring and Evaluation for Disability-inclusive Development (MEDD), 3-4 May 2016; New York. U.S.A.
The measurement in Mexico In Mexico it has census data from 1895, however, the issue of disability becomes important in the early twentieth century. In censuses of 1900, 1910, 1921, 1930 and 1940, captured information for this population (measurement of the population with mental and physical defects). Censuses for 1950, 1960 and 1970, the issue was not caught. The 1980 census identifies not attending school for disability in the children of 6-14 years. the census of 2000 and 2010 included a question on disability status. In household surveys from 2012, identification of disability status is included using different parameters.
Sources of information since 2010 Name Periodicity identifies Approach Representativity Daily life activities 1. Caminar, moverse, subir o bajar; 2. Ver, a n usando lentes; 3. Hablar, comunicarse o conversar 4. O r, usando aparato auditivo 5. Vestirse, ba arse o comer; 6. Poner atenci n o aprender cosas sencillas; 7. Tiene alguna limitaci n f sica o mental. Short form: National, State, municipality,locality 10 years Short and long ampliado Population and Housing Census 2010 WG Disability (no qualifiers) Long form: National, State, municipality and 14 locality sizes 1. Caminar, moverse, subir o bajar; 2. Ver, a n usando lentes; 3. Hablar, comunicarse o conversar 4. O r, usando aparato auditivo 5. Vestirse, ba arse o comer; 6. Poner atenci n o aprender cosas sencillas; 7. Tiene alguna limitaci n f sica o mental. National Survey of Mexican Household Income and Expenditures 2014 Every two years Sample size 21 427 Housing WG National; urban (>= 2 500) and rural (<= 2 499) areas Disability (no qualifiers) 1. Ver, a n usando lentes 2. Escuchar, a n usando aparato auditivo 3. Caminar o subir escaleras 4. Recordar o concentrarse National Household Survey 2014 Annual Sample size 64 000 housing Disability o limitation WG, Budapest Conference National; urban (>= 2 500) and rural (<= 2 499) areas 1. Caminar, subir o bajar usando sus piernas; 2. Ver (aunque use lentes); 3. Mover o usar sus brazos o manos; 4. Aprender, recordar o concentrarse; 5. Escuchar (aunque use aparato auditivo) 6. Ba arse, vestirse o comer; 7. Hablar o comunicarse; 8. Por problemas emocionales o mentales, Cu nta dificultad tiene (NOMBRE) para realizar sus actividades diarias? National Survey of Demographic Dynamics 2014 Every five years Sample size 101 000 housing Disability o limitation National, state y four locality sizes WG
Population and Housing Census 2010 Long form Short form To identify disability: 1. Disability (difficulty): Those who reported having difficulty in at least one of the activities. 2. No disability (difficulty): Not have physical or mental difficulty.
National Survey of Mexican Household Income and Expenditures (ENIGH) 2014 To identify disability: 1. Disability (difficulty): Those who reported having difficulty in at least one of the activities. 2. Non disabled (difficulty): Not have physical or mental difficulty.
National Household Survey (ENH) 2014 To identify disability or limitation: 1. Disability: Those difficulty or can not do at least one of the four activities. with much 2. Limitation: Those "some difficulty" for at least one of the four activities which are not included in the previous group. who have 3. Without limitation or disability: Those who not have difficulty performing the four activities wondering.
National Survey of Demographic Dynamics (ENADID) 2014 To identify disability or limitation: 1. Disability: Those with much difficulty or can not do at least one of the four activities. 2. Limitation: Those who have "some difficulty" for at least one of the four activities which are not included in the previous group. 3. Without limitation or disability: Those who not have difficulty performing the eight activities wondering.
Participation of society Consultation with Organized Civil Society; Academics and the general public. INEGI opens a period of suggestions, opinions or requests for change in methodology, questionnaires and other aspects related to the gathering of information. The relevance of the application is evaluated and proceeds to respond to the user.
Project: National Registry of Persons with Disabilities (RENADI) There are a questionnaire for adults (18 and over) and one for children (0-17 years), both were approved by the Pan American Health Organization. Questionnaires include all components of IFC that are needed to identify disability in a person. In 2014, two pilot tests were conducted in urban areas. Socio-demographic information Module Location Identification of persons with disabilities (including geo-reference addresses) Respondents information (if necessary) Health indicators Social programs (government) Education indicators Employment indicators Medical Information and IFC components Body functions Body structures Activity and participation Environmental factors Medical diagnosis Referral to health services Doctors information (medical registries)
Developing survey (UNICEF/INSP) NIPH (INSP) is responsible for implementing the ENIM 2015 in collaboration with UNICEF and with the support of a Steering Committee. Questions used for adult are not always appropriate for children The module is composited by two questionnaires: one for children 2-4 aged - another for children/youth 5-17 aged. Performance and disabled child / teenager (2 to 17 years aged) a) 2-4 years 8 domains. Vision, hearing, walking, communication/comprehension, learning, behavior, playing, dexterity/fine motor. b) 5-17 years 12 domains. Vision, learning, behavior, remembering, attention, relationships, self- care, emotions and coping with change hearing, walking, communication/ comprehension, *Is used a card where the response according to section appear to facilitate understanding by the respondent Response categories are: 1) No difficulty 2) Some difficulty 3) A lot of difficulty 4) Cannot do at all.
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