Nitric Acid Production Process in Chemical Industries
"Learn about the production process of nitric acid in chemical industries, which involves three main steps: oxidation of NH3 to NO, oxidation of NO to NO2, and absorption of NO2 in water. The preparation of nitric acid involves oxidation of ammonia with air, followed by absorption in water. The nitric oxide formed is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide before absorption. Find out more about the process in this informative lecture."
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Presentation Transcript
Chemical Process Industries University of Diyala Chemical Engineering Department Lecture (1) .
NITRIC ACID The production of HNO3 in three main steps: 1) Oxidation of NH3 to NO 2) Oxidation of NO to NO2 3) Absorption NO2 in H2O
Preparation of Nitric Acid: All plants for the production of nitric acid are currently based on the same basic chemical operations: Oxidation of ammonia with air to give nitric oxide and oxidation of the nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide and absorption in water to give a solution of nitric acid.
Nitric Oxide Oxidation The nitric oxide formed during the ammonia oxidation must be oxidized. The process stream is passed through a cooler/condenser and cooled. The nitric oxide reacts noncatalytically with residual oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide (NO2)and its liquid dimer, nitrogen tetroxide:
-Absorption The final step introduces the nitrogen dioxide/dimer mixture into an absorption process after being cooled. The mixture is pumped into the bottom of the absorption tower, while liquid dinitrogen tetroxide is added at a higher point. Deionized process water enters the top of the column.
Both liquids flow countercurrent to the nitrogen dioxide/dimer gas mixture. Oxidation takes place in the free space between the trays, while absorption occurs on the trays. The absorption trays are usually sieve or bubble cap trays.
