NO2 and HCHO Data Validation by NIDFORVal Using FTIR and DOAS Techniques

NIDFORVal BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT D AERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT D AERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT D AERO S5P NItrogen Dioxide and FORmaldehydeValidation using NDACC and complementary FTIR and UV-Vis DOAS ground- based remote sensing data NIDFORVal uses two independent techniques: Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) and UV-Visible Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS), to provide accurate NO2and HCHO data that fulfill the S5P validation requirements. NIDFORVal builds on developing large-scale networks of instruments. The project presents a first attempt to coordinate measurements of NO2and HCHO by both FTIR and DOAS techniques. Harmonisation tasks are essential. 9 July 2015 NDACC UV-vis meeting, Brussels 1

NIDFORVal stations BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT D AERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT D AERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT D AERO -180 -150 -120 - 90 - 60 - 30 0 90 30 60 90 120 150 180 75 60 45 30 15 0 -15 MAXDOAS: 41 DirectSun: 8 ZenithSky: 17 FTIR: 19 -30 -45 -60 -75 -90 9 July 2015 NDACC UV-vis meeting, Brussels 2

NIDFORVal International partners BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT D AERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT D AERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT D AERO FTIR (10) IMK-ASF, KIT (Karlsruhe) -Thomas Blumenstock IARC/AEMET (Spain) - Garc a Omaira UNAM (Mexico) - Michel Grutter UCAR (USA) - James Hannigan University of Wollongong (Australia) - Nicholas Jones University of Li ge (Belgium) - Emmanuel Mahieu Saint-Petersburg University (Russia) - Maria Makarova IUP-Bremen (Germany) - Justus Notholt NIWA (New-Zealand) - John Robinson, Dan Smale University of Toronto (Canada) - Kimberly Strong DLR (Germany) - Nan Hao NASA (USA) - Jay Herman DWD (Germany) - Robert Holla FMI (Finland) - Jari Hovila Chiba University (Japan) - Hitoshi Irie JAMSTEC (Japan) -Yugo Kanaya IERSD-NOA (Greece) - Stelios Kazadzis University of Leicester (UK) - Roland Leigh INOE (Romania) -Anca Nemuc LATMOS (France) A. Pazmino, J.-P. Pommereau KNMI (The Netherlands) -Ankie Piters IAP/RAS (Russia) - Oleg Postylyakov NIWA (New Zealand) - Richard Querel IUP-Bremen (Germany) A. Richter, F. Wittrock NILU (Norway) - Kerstin Stebel University of Toronto (Canada) - Kimberly Strong University of Colorado (USA), Rainer Volkamer University of Wollongong ( Australia) - Stephen Wilson MPI-Mainz (Germany) -Thomas Wagner UV-Vis DOAS (25) AUTH (Greece) -Alkis Bais LufBlick (Austria) -Alexander Cede GIST (Korea) - Jihyo Chong BAS (UK) - Steve Colwell IUP-Heidelberg (Germany) - Udo Friess INTA (Spain) M. Yela Gonzalez, O. Puentedura 9 July 2015 NDACC UV-vis meeting, Brussels 3

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO Work Packages 9 July 2015 NDACC UV-vis meeting, Brussels 4

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO Work Packages WP2: UV-Vis DOAS data harmonization and collection ZenithSky, MAXDOAS and DirectSun WP 2.2 Harmonization of data acquisition and retrieval settings WP 2.1: UV-Vis DOAS network monitoring WP 2.3 Data collection Monitoring of the status of the network (new stations and analysis of existing gaps) Time-series (2016-2023) of consolidated NO2and HCHO columns (& uncertainties) (+ vertical profiles with averaging kernels and error budget) hdf CEOS files Harmonization of retrieval settings and their application in the UV-vis DOAS network 9 July 2015 NDACC UV-vis meeting, Brussels

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO Work Packages WP 2.2 Harmonization of data acquisition and retrieval settings Harmonization of retrieval settings and their application in the UV-vis DOAS network slant columns and then vertical column retrieval (conversion with AMFs, different for each geometry of observation) Task 2.2.1 NO2and HCHO slant columns: Application of common settings [Roscoe et al., 2010; Pinardi et al., 2013] Task 2.2.2 ZenithSky stratospheric NO2columns: Application of (NDACC) recommendations to the whole network. [Van Roozendael and Hendrick, 2012; Hendrick et al., 2012], Importance of photochemistry correction and effective measurement location tools exist. Task 2.2.3 MAXDOAS retrievals: Based on the outcome of other studies, recommendations for the use of harmonized retrieval methods (e.g. optimal estimation or parametrized profiling) [Vlemmix et al., 2015; Wittrock et al., in prep; Hendrick et al., 2014] Task 2.2.4 DirectSun DOAS instruments: PANDORA (as a network of harmonized and quality controlled centralized processing network www.pandonia.net) and Directsun scientific devices Task 2.2.5 Centralized processing facility for MAXDOAS instruments: Option to use the demonstration centralized processing system (ESA CEOS-iCAL project) for MAXDOAS type instruments (to be tested e.g. during ESA-supported S5P Cal/Val NO2and HCHO Inter-comparison Campaign (planned in Bucharest, Romania, summer 2017). the current state-of- the-art will be reviewed and recommendations will be formulated for application within the network Transfer to a centralized system (better harmonization, automatization and full quality-control)

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO Data submission Data submission format: NORS GEOMS UVIS.DOAS HDF NRT data delivery: 1month 9 July 2015 NDACC UV-vis meeting, Brussels 7

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO Format GEOMS UVIS.DOAS HDF format, as defined during the NORS: http://nors.aeronomie.be/projectdir/PDF/NORS_D4. 1_DFD.pdf the templates to use: http://avdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.php?site=1876901039 #current_template Examples of BIRA files for our Xianghe stations: ftp://ftp.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/ndacc/RD/xianghe/hdf/uvvi s/ 9 July 2015 NDACC UV-vis meeting, Brussels 8

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO Work Packages WP3: S5P Validation during Phase E1 WP3.1 Set-up of validation methods and tools This WP focuses on a rapid analysis of the initial S5P data products based on a subset of operational sites able to provide data in rapid delivery mode The validation will be based on existing methods and tools implemented at BIRA (context of Multi-TASTE, O3M-SAF, ESA CCI, CEOS ACC and expertise developed within the NORS project) WP3.2 S5P NO2 and HCHO validation Task 3.2.1 NO2 Validation: - total columns: using DirectSun DOAS measurements - stratospheric columns: using FTIR and ZenithSky DOAS measurements - tropospheric column: using MAXDOAS measurements Task 3.2.2 HCHO Validation: - total columns: using FTIR, and MAXDOAS measurements 9 July 2015 NDACC UV-vis meeting, Brussels 9

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO A few examples At each station: statistical bias and standard deviations of the differences between S5P and correlative data will be compared to the uncertainties budget of the differences. The deliverable will be provided 6 months after the S5P launch. 10

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO Work Packages WP4: S5P Validation during Phase E2 WP4.1 Refinement of the validation tools We will make use of the large data sets progressively accumulated throughout the mission, to: Improve co-location criteria, through the use of observation operators developed in GEOmon and NORS, and through the exploration of the representative area of each validation site, using modelling data. Characterize the long-term stability of the S5P products. Tools for calculating drifts between S5P and ground-based data will be developed, based among others on the robust methods developed at BIRA-IASB for NO2/BrO trends and for SI2N satellite drift analyses. Further develop the automatization of routine validation tasks as initiated in the NORS project. 11

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO Work Packages WP4.2 FTIR and DOAS inter-comparisons Inter-comparison at the stations where both techniques are available ( JFJ, Izana, ). This has been done in the past for NO2at the Jungfraujoch (Hendrick et al., 2012) and Iza a (Robles et al., in preparation), and for HCHO at Reunion Island (Vigouroux et al., 2009) and Jungfraujoch (Franco et al., 2015). The deliverable will be a report on the quality control, consistency and stability of these ground based data. WP4.3 S5P NO2 and HCHO Validation The assessment of the quality of the S5P NO2 and HCHO products as in WP3, but with more statistics and improved collocation criteria. The assessment of the quality of the S5P products in terms of seasonal cycles. At high- latitude stations, studies of the diurnal cycles will be carried out. The assessment of the long-term consistency of the S5P products. The use of WP4.2 to explain possible differences in the S5P validation. The investigation of the impact (on satellite columns) of using measured pressure, temperature, aerosol, NO2 and HCHO profiles instead of model a priori profiles in the calculation of satellite AMFs. The study of the spatial variability of NO2 in an urban area within the extension of a S5P/Tropomi Discussion, Belspo, Brussels satellite ground pixel, using a combination of instruments/sites (e.g. Athens). 4 February 2015 12

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO A few examples 13

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO Complementary stations 14

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO Complementary stations 15

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO A few examples Vigouroux et al., 2009: HCHO comparisons in Reunion Island 16

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO A few examples Franco et al., 2015: HCHO comparisons in Jungfraujoch 17

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO A few examples Hendrick et al., 2012: NO2comparisons in Jungfraujoch And use of these datasets for satellite comparison and trends. 18

S5p validation related dates BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT D AERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT D AERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT D AERO 29 Sep 1st Oct 2015: First workshop for S5p CalVal Launch : summer 2016 Start of ESA data delivery to accepted PIs: TBD (expected about 6 weeks after launch) Phase E1 (commissioning): 6 months NRT delivery of ground-based data from NIDFORVAL partners Phase E2 (operations): onward! Projects completion (final reports): Summer 2023 9 July 2015 NDACC UV-vis meeting, Brussels 19

BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERONOMIE SPATIALE DE BELGIQUE BELGIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE AERONOMY BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR RUIMTE-AERONOMIE INSTITUT DAERO Station/Budget situation Group E1 phase NRT/hdf E2 phase Toronto Ok Eureka (2018), Toronto (2016) IUP-Bremen Ok KNMI Ok Ok for coming 2-3 years Luftblick Ok MPIC-Mainz Ok INTA Ok Ok national founding until 2017 LATMOS Ok ok BIRA Ok ok ok Boulder 9 July 2015 NDACC UV-vis meeting, Brussels 20