Oral Cavity Disorders and Symptoms
Explore the various oral cavity disorders and symptoms, including dental pain, taste disturbances, swallowing difficulties, and lip conditions. Learn about the causes, symptoms, and treatments for conditions such as cheilitis, stomatitis, and more.
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Presentation Transcript
CAVITATEA BUCAL Dr. Miron Ionela
Simptome Durerea: -pulpita/abces- pulsatile -nevralgie trigeminala: intense, declansata de miscare/current de aer -gingivala/carii dentare: la alimente reci, dulci, acide -limbii (glosodinie): glosita, tumori, traumatisme
Tulburari de gust: - hipogeusie: reducere capacitate de discriminare gust - ageusie: pierderea gustului - disgeusie: -parageusie: perceptia altui gust al mancarii -fantogeusie: perceptia unui gust, fara stimulant (aliment) in gura
Disfagia: - Dificultatea de a inghiti la nivel bucofariangian - AVC/ Parkinson Halitoza(foetor ex ore)- miros neplacut al gurii - acetone- acidoza diabetic - fecaloid-ocluzie intestinala - ficat crud-insuficienta hepatica - fetid- supuratii pulmonare - usturoi- intoxicatie cu fosfor
Examen obiectiv: INSPECTIA: -peribucal si endobucal PALPARE: - Leziuni proeminente/zone dureroase - Valoare limitata
BUZELE -palide: anemie -cianotice: insufiecienta cardiac/respiratory -rosii, carminate: ciroza hepatica -aspect fuliginos: acoperite cu memebrane brune, aderente (stari septice) -cheilite:tumefiate, calde,dureroase Herpesul labial: durere, eden,eritem, vezicule-cicatrici
Cheilita angulara (zabaluta)- pustule fisuri dureroase la colturile gurii -ragadele angulare- la colturile gurii, dureroase- in hipovitaminoze (riboflavin-vitamin B2) -tumori: epiteloame si hemangioame -cheiloschizis (buza de iepure) si cheilopalatoschizis (gura de lup)- lipsa de fuzionare a mugurilor labial si palatine- la buza superioara, corectate-cicatrice -cicatrici- traumatisme
PERETI CAVITATE BUCALA: - Leucoplazia: pata alba proeminenta- monitorizare- malignizare - Stomatita:inflamatia mucoasei
- Micotica- Candida albicans: dupaa antibiotic/imunodeficiente
- Ulcerativa: afte- boala Chron (leziuni circumscribe, foarte dureroase, vezicula- ulceratie bine delimitate- vindecare spontana)
-Eruptii mucosae- echivalentul celor cutanate (enantem) Semnul Koplik- rujeola- pete albicioase inconjrate de lizereu eritematos, pe fata interna a gurii, langa molarii superiori
Petele lui Forshheimer- rubeola : pete mici, rosii pe palatal moale
-Varicela: mii vezicule -Scarlatina: inflamatie puternica de aspect hemoragic -Glosita din rujeola: mai multe faze: saburala- descuamativa (limba zmeurie) reepitelizare: aspect lacauit, de limba de pisisca
Limba - Lipsa de mobilitate- paralizie de hipoglos (XII) - Festinatia limbii: Parkinson: miscari rapide sub forma de tremor - Macroglosie: crestere in volum a limbii (mixedem, acromegalie, tumori etc.) - Microglosie: paralizia nerv hipoglos, postoperator (excizie de tumori) - Glosita: infamatia limbii: BRGE, agresiuni chimice: ingestia accidental sau voluntara de substante caustice
Depozite linguale: - Saburala: limba incarcata: aspect alb cremos, in deshidratare, stari septice, suferinte ale dintilor - Limba prajita - uscata, fisurata-in deshidratare - Limba geografica: arii depapilate, rosii nelegate de un eveniment patologic
- Glosita Hunter (anemia Biermer): neteda, depapilata, lacuita - Limba paroasa : papile hipertrofiate si aspect keratinizat, nelegata de vreo boala - Limba scrotala: fisuri longitudinale, nelegata de vreo boala
Amigdalele si faringele - Mobilitate val palatin: emitere vocalaA prelungita - Angine (angor- stranger, datorita disfagieii, isotita uneori de dispnee)-infectii faring-amigdalite - Angine virale:-aspect multivezicular; angina herpetica, din mononucleoza infectioasa: adenopatii submandibulare si laterocervicale - Angina streptococica: aspect puternic eritematos - Angine bacteriene: aspect eritemto pultaceu (acoperite de exudat alb) - Angina psudomembraoasa: difetrie (pe cale de disparitie) - Angina ulcero-membranoasa: ulcero-necrotica sau gangrenoasa: infectii severe - Mucoasa farinagiana: atrofica, palida, in faringitele cornice - Limfoame: hipertrofia amigdalelor - Agranulocitoza: angina ulcero-necrotica
DINTII - Variatii numerice: agenezie/ supranumerari - Diastema mediala (strunga) - Alb-galbui: fumatori - Rahitism: striuri transversale - Acromegalie: spatii interdentare - Triada Hutchinson: sifilis congenital: hipoplazia incisivilor, surditate si keratita interstitiala (inflamatia corneii)
GINGIILE: - Gingivite: inflamatia gingiilor (edematiate, eritematoase, sangereaza usoar la atingere)- scorbut (deficit de vitamin C) - Gingivita hipertrofica: diabet, hipotiroidism - Gingivita saturnina intoxicatie cu plumb (lizereu gingival Burton)- dunga gri la marginea gingieii - Hidrargirism (intoxicatie cu mercur)
GLANDE SALIVARE Parotide, sublinguale si submaxilare - Hipertrofia gl. parotide:obezitate, alcoholism - unilaterala: litiaza canal Stenon, tumori (benigne/ maligne), psudohipertrofia: lipomatoza in dreptul parotidei (sindrom Mandelung) - bilaterala: parotidita epidemica urliana, etilism, denutritie, sindrom Sjogren, sarcoidoza, deshidratari severe si de durata - Litiaza salivara; durere accentuate in timpul meselor
Tulburari de salivatie: - Hipersalivatia: emotie, stomatite, eruptive dentara - Sialoreea: eliminare saliva in canttitatea bucala, fie din cauza secretieii in exces, fie din cauza dificultatilor de inghitire- sindrom esofagian: achalazie avansata - Hipo/asalivia: stress, deshidratare, antidepresive, sclerodermie si sdr. Sicca (lipsa secretieii lacrimale si salivare)- senzatie de gura uscata (xerostomie), dupa radioterapie si chimioterapie
