PCR in Molecular Biology Lab - Techniques and Applications
Explore the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique used in molecular biology labs for selective amplification of DNA regions. Learn about the reaction components, PCR cycles, and applications of PCR in recombinant technology.
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Presentation Transcript
Bio Lab -3- Molecular biology PCR Technique
What is PCR ? It is polymerase chain reaction that results in the selective amplification of a chosen region of a DNA molecule. It is done in a single test tube simply by mixing DNA with a set of reagents and placing the tube in a thermal cycler (a device)that enables the mixture to be incubated at a series of temperatures.
Reaction Mixture Copies of DNA to be sequenced Primer of (piece of DNA) TaqDNA polymerase ( an enzyme) Standard nucleotides Modified nucleotides
At the end of a PCR a sample of the reaction mixture is usually analyzed by agaros gel electrophoresis technique ,this provide useful information about the DNA region that has been amplified, or the PCR product can be examined by DNA sequencing method.
By repeating the cycle 30 times the double-stranded molecule that we began with is converted into over 130 million new double-stranded molecules.
Recombinant Technology -Basically it is the potential genetic engineering field by using PCR or microorganisms. -Genes are Isolated ,Modified &Inserted into an organism they are made up by recombinant technology through: Cutting DNA and recombine their pieces Amplify modified pieces.
Ex. -Plasmid is small circle of bacterial DNA -Foreign DNA can be inserted into plasmid Forms recombinant plasmids Plasmid is a cloning vector Can be used to deliver DNA into another cell
Applications Engineered Proteins (Insulin, and blood-clotting factors &Vaccines by using bacteria) Cleaning Up the Environment(Microorganisms can break down organic wastes and cycle materials. Basic Researchs(genetic processes). Engineered Mammals(mice, Cattle& chicken)
