PM 2.5 Chemistry and Formation Processes
Explore the composition of PM 2.5, its chemical reactions, and how it is determined. Learn about the formation of NH4NO3-rich PM 2.5 through reactions involving H2SO4, NH3, and nitrates. Calculate the mass of solid ammonium nitrate PM 2.5 formed under specific conditions. Dive into the intricate chemistry behind air pollution and respiratory health impacts.
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Presentation Transcript
The Composition of PM 2.5 Matters! Oct 2022 Publication Date https://www.dailyclimate.org/respiratory-diseases-from-air-pollution-2658572834.html https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2797557 (Oct 2022)
PM 2.5 is made of LOTS of different types of chemicals A heterogeneous mixture that contains compounds.
How is PM 2.5 Chemistry Determined? Chemical reactions that occur during combustion reactions (primary pollutants) and in the atmosphere (secondary pollutants) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41557-020-0535-z.pdf?origin=ppub
SO42-, NO3-, NH4+ Chemical reactions for NH4NO3-rich PM 2.5 formation: H2SO4(g) + NH3(g) NH4+(g) + HSO4-(g) NH4+(g) + NO3-(g) NH4NO3(s)
When acidic sulfate is neutralized by ammonia, NH4NO3-rich PM 2.5 forms (reactions below). If 22.6 g of H2SO4 reacts with 44.7 g of NH3 in the presence of 12.9 g of nitrate, what mass of PM 2.5 ammonium nitrate solid will be formed? H2SO4(g) + NH3(g) NH4+(g) + HSO4-(g) NH4+(g) + NO3-(g) NH4NO3(s) Assumptions: All ammonium (NH4+) produced reacts with nitrate (NO3-). All ammonium nitrate that forms becomes NH4NO3-rich PM 2.5.
