Political History of Kfe: Challenges and Triumphs
During the early years of Uthman's caliphate, the state thrived on conquests, but later faced economic crisis and internal struggles. Uthman's reactions and the events surrounding Ali's governance shed light on the turbulent political landscape of Kfe during that time.
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Presentation Transcript
Political History of Kfe UtHMAN ( R.A. ) During the first 6 years of his caliphate there were no problems because : The conquests were continuing so a garisson like K fe maintained its life trough booties easily. It basically was the continuation of Umar ( r.a. ) s caliphate
Political History of Kfe UtHMAN ( R.A. ) However, during the second 6 years of his caliphate there occured some problems because : The conquests were not continuing since the borders of the state reached its limit so a garisson like K fe could not maintain its life because no more booty was plundered .
Political History of Kfe UtHMAN ( R.A. ) This was the first sign of the economical crisis. How? The money shortage in the city forced the seller and farmer to decrease the prices of the goods to make the people buy but this incured loss for them Also land taxes started to decrease since the farmer incured loss and stopped farming
Political History of Kfe UtHMAN ( R.A. ) How did Uthman ( r.a. ) react ? He discharged a couple times the governor ( Velid b. Ukbe Said b. el- s Ebu Musa el- Esh r ) He rent the lands called Sevad to some people ( mainly Quraish )
Political History of Kfe Ali ( R.A. ) The Cemel Event and K fe Ebu Musa denied to sent him soldiers. Upon this Ali ( r.a. ) sent to K fe Hasan b. Ali and Ammar b. Y sir to discharge him from his position but Ebu Musa resisted on not to leave. At the end he has been discharged with difficulties. Karaza b. K ab was the new governor
Political History of Kfe Ali ( R.A. ) The Cemel Event and K fe After persuading the public of K fe, from seven different tribes were 7.000 soldiers gathered. At the end Ali ( r.a. ) won and a time later K fe was declared as capital.
Political History of Kfe Ali ( R.A. ) The S ffin Event and K fe One of the envoys sent to Dimashk was Cer r b. Abdullah Eleven tribes from K fe participated to this event
Political History of Kfe Hasan b. Ali K fe was not very willing to fight against Muaviye although Hasan was Hasan b. Ali handed the caliphate on Muaviye because he did not trust K fe. Moreover he also knew that until the time of war they would not back him up
Political History of Kfe Movement of Hucr b. Ad yy Ali ( r.a. ) sympathizers and espacially Hucr b. Adiyy were very angry with this execution so the governor had to stop it since the displeasure rised amon the public. However, when the new governor Ziyad b. Eb hi was assigned Hucr and his friends were suppressed because of his threatening actions
Political History of Kfe Movement of Hucr b. Ad yy Occured because Muaviye wanted to examine whether K fe was with him, against him or in a dilemma, so he commanded the governor Mug re b.Su be to curse Ali ( r.a. ) and wish Uthman ( r.a. ) repent from God while he was at the pulpit ( Miber )
Political History of Kfe Movement of hucr b. ad yy Hucr and his friends have been arrested and then brought to Dimashk. They had a conversation with him and they were asked to return from their ideas and curse at Ali ( r.a ) in order he might forgive them but exept one they were presistent with their ideas. Muaviye gave personally the decision of their execution
Political History of Kfe Movement of hucr b. ad yy But the movement did not stop with his death it will continue with Huseyin b. Ali and other people Also Aisha ( r.a. ) got upset when she heard the death of Hucr and Hasan el-Basri added that the Umayyeds will be perished because of this execution and other actions
Political History of Kfe Huseyin b. Ali After the death of Muaviye, the public of K fe saw this as an opportunity to get rid of the Umayyad control of them since Huseyin b. Ali rejected Yezid s caliphate So S leyman b. Surad, M seyyeb b. Necebe, Ruf a b. edd d and Habib b. Muzahhar sent a letter to Mecca were Huseyin b. Ali was. After that numerous letters were sent to him to
Political History of Kfe Huseyin b. Ali The public of K fe wanted to discharge their governor and to accept Husein b. Ali as caliph by the help of him. However, Huseyin b. Ali knew them that well that it should not be very trustfull to the public of K fe as they let his father in S ffin war and his brother against Muaviye down. So he sent a group leading M slim b. kil to check the atmosphere in K fe
Political History of Kfe Huseyin b. Ali In a very short term, M slim b. kil managed to obtain about 18.000 people s acception of Husain b. Ali s caliphate ( ~ 25% of K fe ) which shows that K fe does not want the Umayyad sovereignty anymore and reported him to come to K fe immediately This concerned Yezid that K fe can be lost so he discharged the governor Numan b. Be ir that did not accept to fight against the grandson of the
Political History of Kfe Huseyin b. Ali He than assigned Ubeydullah who was also the governor of Basra to K fe and orderer to catch M slim b. kil dead or alive He also started to persuade K fe and threated them and was succesfull as K fe began to observe and wait whom to obey
