Population Geography: Data Collection and Analysis

Population Geography II M.Sc. The topic :Nature and scope Of Population geography Date:13.08.2020 Time:10.30 to 11.30 By A.SUMATRA GUEST LECTURER OF GEOGRAPHY GCWK

Types of population data The primary sources of the population data on the population size, characteristics and demographic structure are the census, projections, the registrations, migration reports and the surveys

First hand data which are collected by census, vital registration, sample survey, administrative records, population register, etc are primary sources of population data. Census is the main source of demographic data. Vital Registration System (VRS) is also known as Civil Registration System.

collection of data Age: The age of a population can tell us a lot about what that population is doing, as well as what it is going to do in the future. Location: Finding out where people live is one of the main reasons why various countries conduct their census. Many government programs also base their funds on demographic patterns. The location data also inform us about the movement of people.

Race: The demographic study of the breed is very controversial. Scientifically, there are no different races of human beings. The difference between Asians and blacks is the same as the difference between people with brown eyes and people with blue eyes. However, the idea of race continues to play an important role in our societies. Many of us identify ourselves as part of a certain race for cultural reasons.

Socio Economic data Socio-economic Data: They help us to know the type of concentrations of people in certain urban areas or for example the high concentrations of people with cancer near certain industrial zones.

There are two basic classifications of population data: Primary Population Data Collection Sources: Data collected directly by a researcher or statistician or a government body via sources such as census, sample survey, etc. are called primary population data.

Secondary Population Data Collection Sources: Data obtained from existing sources such as journals, newspapers, magazines, annual research reports etc. and not directly by a government or a research organization is called secondary population data collection

Census: The simplest, yet not the most accurate or effective way to evaluate population is merely to count everyone. This is known as a census and is usually done by governments. In the past, religious organizations carried out censuses, but generally at a local or regional level. The Roman Empire carried out censuses to estimate the group of men of military age and for tax purposes, but these were limited since the Romans had to report with the government officials in their hometown to be counted. Poor people or those who could not travel were almost never counted.

Sample Surveys: An alternative to a full enumeration census is sampling. You might be familiar with this as the method that market research companies and political analysts use to conduct their research. Statisticians use a mathematical formula to know the minimum number of people needed to constitute a representative sample of the population. For example, if the total population is 1,000 people, researchers could directly survey 150 of them. Then, they can take the data from the sample and extrapolate it to the entire population. If 10% of the people in the sample are left-handed, it can be assumed that 100 of a population of 1,000 are left-handed.