Population Pyramids: Analysis and Predictions

Chapter 8 Population Pyramids

Learning Outcomes By the end of the class you should be able to: Read a population pyramid. Analyse a population pyramid and make predictions about the future impacts of population growth and decline.

Look out for these Key Words during the lesson: Population Pyramid Age Structure Sex/Gender Structure Birth Rate Death Rate Static Expanding

Homework for next class Textbook: Revise pp. 140-141 Revise Population Pyramid sheet

Population Pyramid of Ireland With your partner what can you tell me about this population pyramid???? Male Female

Video clip ..\..\Video clips\Population Pyramids - The basics.mp4

Studying Population pyramids Show gender and age profile of population Provide information on: Percentage of males and females How many people in each age group Birth rates and death rates Life expectancy of population from structure How developed a country is from shape Percentage of population dependent Exam hint: You need to know what population pyramids are and what they show.

Population Pyramid Gender Number of Females in this age range Number of Males in this age range Scale Age Range

Advantages of Population Pyramids Easy and Clear to analyse. More detail of the age and gender of a country s population. Governments can use the Population Pyramid to make decisions to meet the populations needs. Education Jobs Transport

Population Pyramids We are now going to look at 3 different countries, Brazil, Germany and Ireland. For each country we are going to examine 1) Birth rates 2) Death rates 3) Life expectancy

Brazil Look at: Birth Rate Death Rate High Birth Rate Wide base Young age Structure High Death rate Narrow peak

Population pyramid: Brazil 1) Birth rates 2) Death rates 3) Life expectancy 0-4 band birth rates high, rapidly growing population Top narrow death rates high Narrow peak few people survive into old age Factors: Lack of clean water Lack of health services Low living standards Factors: Women: traditional role Lack of family planning High infant mortality Children care for parents when old Factors: Healthcare not available Harsh working conditions Lack of sanitation

Germany Low and declining birth rate Narrow base Older population structure Low death rate Broader peak.

Population pyramid: Germany 1) Birth rates 2) Death rates 3) Life expectancy Narrow base birth rates low, static or declining Wide at middle and towards top death rates low Wide peak high life expectancy Factors: Women have careers Practise family planning Infant mortality low Children don t work Children not expected to care for old parents Factors: High standard of living Excellent health service Good sanitation and water Fewer diseases Factors: Access to healthcare Good services for elderly High living standards

Population pyramid: Ireland 4.5 million in 2010 Developed country Population growing slowly

Population pyramid: Ireland Birth rates Death rates Life expectancy Slight increase at base but birth rate is low Wide at middle and top low death rate Wide peak high life expectancy Factors: Low infant mortality Access to family planning Role of women in society Women have children later in life Factors: Access to healthcare Vaccinations High standard of living Educated about healthy living Clean water and sanitation Factors: Good care for elderly Good health services High standard of living

1. What are the main differences between the population structures shown in photographs. X Y 2. Can you explain these differences using a graph above? B A

Homework Mr. Cadogan has just received a population pyramid and cannot remember how to read it. In a letter, explain to him how to interpret a population pyramid. Please include the basic parts of a pyramid (Age and Gender) and the difference in a developing (triangle) and developed (diamond) shaped pyramids.

Can you. Read a population pyramid. Analyse a population pyramid and make predictions about the future impacts of population growth and decline.