Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Generation
Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Generation and Electric Vehicle Charging with a focus on microgrids, solar inverters, and potential benefits for energy efficiency and environmental impact.
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Presentation Transcript
Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Generation and Electric Vehicle Charging Peng Fang Sep 25, 2019
About Me Peng Fang PhD. from Queen s University, Kingston, Ont. Canada Join UMD in 2018 Teaching - EE4501, EE5522 Research Interests EV Charger, Solar Inverter, Wireless Charging, Ultra High-Power Density Power Converter
Agenda Microgrid Electric Vehicle adoption Renewable Energy Generation and Storage
Microgrid What is microgrid? A microgrid is a local energy grid with control capability, which means it can disconnect from the traditional grid and operate autonomously. A microgrid can be powered by Source: Green Energy Group Distributed generators Batteries Renewable resources like solar panels Electric Vehicle
Benefit of Microgrid Improved energy efficiency Minimization of overall energy consumption Reduced environmental impact Field-proven reliability improvement over grid-only interconnections Allows communities to be more energy independent
Power Electronics in Microgrid Source: https://microgridnews.com/ieee-proceedings-zooms-smart-building-microgrid- integration/
Solar Inverter Source: Texas Instruments
Circuit Implementation of solar inverter Source: Texas Instruments
Agenda Microgrid Electric Vehicle adoption Renewable Energy Generation and Storage
Electric Vehicles Electric vehicles are still a tiny percentage of new vehicle sales, they are poised to see significant growth in sales Range and charger anxiety are bigger concerns among current and potential EV owners Very cold weather can reduce an EV s battery range by 20%-30%
Electric Vehicle Sales In 2017, EV sales made up 1.2 percent of new car sales nationally In 2017, electric vehicle sales made up 0.6 percent of new car sales in Minnesota; 3,000 fully electric vehicles and 3,000 plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
Electric Vehicles Sales Prediction Electric vehicles are still a tiny percentage of new vehicle sales, they are poised to see significant growth in sales Source : https://evadoption.com/ev-market-share/
EV driving range under cold weather Source : Fleet Carma
Electric Vehicle EVs become more competitive Have longer battery ranges Charge more quickly Highly populated charging infrastructure
Electric Vehicle Charging Time Source: https://pod-point.com/guides/driver/how-long-to-charge-an-electric-car
On-board EV charger Source: Wolfspeed
Circuit Implementation for EV Charger Source: Wolfspeed
Electric Vehicle adoption Significantly underutilized asset No value to you when not in transit Unused 90% of the time decline in value EVs need a breakthrough Not only catch up ICE vehicles in many attributes ICE vehicles fundamentally can t compete with Evs need a compelling differentiation that shifts them into a completely different category Turn your car into an income-generating asset
Extra Benefit From Electric Vehicle EVs surpass ICE vehicles because of a fundamental competitive advantage their battery pack Electric vehicles For transportation Mobile energy storage Cars might actually create more value for their owners and utilities when they are sitting still
Increasing power consumption Delivering electricity to consumers and businesses during peak demand periods is an ongoing challenge for utilities Utilities already have demand response programs Time-based rates Financial incentives to shift electricity usage Electric vehicles in demand response capacity Advanced software programs to determine when to charge EVs
Electric Vehicle As Energy storage Device How much driving range is required for EV? 500 miles of range opens up increased flexibility and opportunities for consumers to use their EVs Capture excess solar and wind power during peak production during the day Sell that electricity back to a utility during peak use periods. Charge batteries to 80% capacity for longer battery life Charging less frequently for longer battery life Charging at convenience not necessity Extending the Value of Used EVs
Electric Vehicle As Energy storage Device Those EVs can then individually transfer that stored power to other locations Primary the owner s home Distribute it back to grid locally during peak demand Utilities benefit greatly from the use of V2G capabilities EV battery storage reduces the need to build new peaker power plants Avoid invest in massive battery storage systems Avoid Pay other grid operators
Agenda Microgrid Electric Vehicle Adoption Renewable Energy Generation and Storage
Renewable Energy Solar, wind turbine generated electricity sources have increased dramatically in recent years Clean energy, decarbonizing the grid
Challenge with renewable energy Solar and wind power fluctuates throughout the year and the day Residential and commercial use also fluctuates greatly in a day and during different times of the year A growing challenge of managing production and consumption fluctuations
Challenge with renewable energy Power grid was designed around controllable electric generators Balance between electricity supply and demand must always be maintained Intermittent renewables are challenging because they disrupt the conventional methods for planning the daily operation of the electric grid Utilize renewable energy is not effective without appropriate energy storage technology
Circuit Implementation of bi-directional DC-DC converter Source: Wolfspeed
Summary Power electronics is the backbone of the modern industry EV charging, energy storage, renewable energy generation and integration Power electronics technology will be one of the key technologies in the new era
