Practical Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics
Local anesthetics block nerve conduction, with different types such as Ester (e.g., Benzocaine) and Amide (e.g., Lidocaine). Learn about delivery techniques, effects of vasoconstrictors, and common agents used in anesthesia practice.
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Presentation Transcript
Department of anesthesia Practical pharmacology Dr. zaidoon abd alwahab altahan Local Anesthesia Altahanzaidoon@gmail.com
LOCAL ANESTHETICS Local anesthetics block nerve conduction of sensory impulses and in higher concentrations block motor impulses from the periphery to the CNS. Delivery techniques include topical administration, infiltration, and perineural and neuraxial (spinal, epidural, or caudal) blocks The most widely used local anesthetics are bupivacaine, lidocaine , mepivacaine, ropivacaine and tetracaine
Local anesthetics cause vasodilation, which leads to a rapid diffusion away from the site of action and short duration when these drugs are administered alone. By adding the vasoconstrictor epinephrine the rate of local anesthetic absorption and diffusion is decreased
Type of local anesthetic Ester type : Benzocaine , Procaine, tetracaine, Amide type : lidocaine, bupivacaine, ropivacaine , mepivcaine and prilocaine
