Preparation and Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
Carboxylic acids are versatile compounds with various preparation methods and reactions. They behave as acids in solutions, forming salts with metals and bases. Through condensation, esters can be synthesized. Additionally, reactions with alcohols yield amides, and they can be reduced to primary alcohols. The compounds are significant in synthesizing useful products.
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Preparation of carboxylic acids http://www.durhamcollege.ca/wp-content/uploads/Chemical-Laboratory-Technician-Program-02.jpg
1. oxidation of a primary alcohol
5. Hydrolysis of an ester http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/350/Carey5th/Ch20/rconr2h2o.gif
Reactions of carboxylic acids Carboxylic acids behave as typical acids in aqueous solution and form salts by reacting with metals and bases(including alkalis). They undergo condensation reactions with alcohols to form esters. Carboxylic acids react with amines to form amides. They can be reduced to primary alcohols using lithium aluminium hydride Carboxylic acids are extremely versatile compounds which can be used to synthesise many useful products.
1. Carboxylic acids and metals Carboxylic acid + metal salt + hydrogen 2CH3COOH (aq) + Mg (s) Mg 2+ (CH3COO-)2(aq) + H2 (g) Magnesium reacts with ethanoic acid to produce magnesium ethanoate and hydrogen gas.
2. Carboxylic acids and bases Carboxylic acid + base salt + water + carbon dioxide CH3COOH(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) 2Na+CH3COO-(aq) + H2O (l) + CO2(g)
4. With amino groups to form amide links
5. Reduction with Lithium aluminium hydride to form primary alcohols.
