Preparation of Quinoxaline: Heterocyclic Compound Synthesis
Heterocyclic compounds, essential in organic chemistry, play a vital role in drug and pharmaceutical development. Quinoxaline, a benzopyrazine compound, is synthesized via condensation reactions. Its derivatives find applications in dyes and antibiotics.
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Practical Organic chemistry Practical Organic chemistry 3 3rd rd Stage Stage Salahaddin University Erbil College of Science Chemistry Department Experiment (11) Experiment (11) Preparation of Quinoxaline (Heterocyclic compounds) 2024 2024- -2023 2023 1
Heterocyclic compounds (or heterocycles): Cyclic compounds in which one or more of the atoms of the ring are heteroatoms. A heteroatom is an atom other than carbon. The name comes from the Greek word heteros, which means different. A variety of atoms, such as N, O, S, Se, P, Si, B, and As, can be incorporated into ring structures. Heterocycles are an extraordinarily important class of compounds, making up more than half of all known organic compounds. Almost all the compounds we know as drugs, most vitamins, and many other natural products are heterocycles
A quinoxaline, also called a benzopyrazine, in organic chemistry, is a heterocyclic compound containing a ring complex made up of a benzene ring and a pyrazine ring. A quinoxaline
It is isomeric with other naphthyridines including quinazoline, phthalazine and cinnoline.It is a colorless oil that melts just above room temperature. Although quinoxaline itself is mainly of academic interest, quinoxaline derivatives are used as dyes, pharmaceuticals, and antibiotics such as olaquindox, carbadox, echinomycin, levomycin and actinoleutin. cinnoline phthalazine quinazoline
Condensations are reactions that add together two or more molecules, often with the loss of a small molecule such as water or an alcohol. Synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives is via condensation of aryl 1, 2-diamines with 1, 2- dicarbonyl compounds in MeOH at room temperature in absence of acid, base or catalytic support
Example: Quinoxaline derivatives can be formed by condensing ortho-diamines with 1,2-diketones.
Mechanism Reaction between benzil and o-phenylene diamine
Procedure Weight (0.2)gm of benzil and(o.1)gm of o-phenylene diamine in to a test tube and heat in the steam bath for 10 min then filter the precipitate .
