Processes Involved in Runoff Generation and Unsaturated Soil Flow
Explore the processes involved in runoff generation, surface runoff occurrence, wetting front in sandy soil, continuity equation in unsaturated porous medium, and flow in unsaturated soil. Understand how surface runoff occurs when water input exceeds infiltration capacity, and how hydraulic conductivity depends on moisture content in unsaturated soil.
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Presentation Transcript
Processes Processes involved in Runoff Generation involved in Runoff Generation
Surface Runoff occurs when surface water input exceeds infiltration capacity. (a) Infiltration rate = rainfall rate which is less than infiltration capacity. (b) Runoff rate = Rainfall intensity Infiltration capacity. (from Dunne and Leopold, 1978)
Wetting front in a sandy soil exposed after intense rain (from Dingman, 1994). Preferential pathway infiltration (Markus Weiler, ETH Zurich)
Continuity equation in an unsaturated porous medium. = A x y = V x y z x y z = (q x y (q+ q) x y) t q = t z q = t z
Flow in Unsaturated Soil Hydraulic conductivity depends on moisture content ? ?? ? = ??? 3 ?? ?= Ss So 1 So Ss= ?/? From Mays, 2011, Ground and Surface Water Hydrology
