Proposal for UHR AP Bandwidth Indication
Document proposing a mechanism for UHR APs to indicate nominal and expanded operating channel widths to define BSS bandwidth for various UHR features. Discusses the importance of accurate bandwidth indication for efficient network operation and compatibility with neighboring APs.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author.If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
You are allowed to download the files provided on this website for personal or commercial use, subject to the condition that they are used lawfully. All files are the property of their respective owners.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
THE FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY CLUB: THE FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY CLUB: THE INSANITY DEFENSE THE INSANITY DEFENSE
Recap and Reminders Recap and Reminders We are now accepting applications for new board members for We are now accepting applications for new board members for Spring 2021!! applications to applications to fsu.fpc@gmail.com fsu.fpc@gmail.com If you haven t already, check out our October Newsletter If you haven t already, check out our October Newsletter We will be discussing the Insanity Defense today We will be discussing the Insanity Defense today We will have a guest speaker discussing her experiences with forensic evaluations for the state of We will have a guest speaker discussing her experiences with forensic evaluations for the state of Georgia Georgia Follow us on Social Media! Follow us on Social Media! Instagram: Instagram: @fsufpc @fsufpc Twitter: Twitter: @fsu_fpc @fsu_fpc Facebook: Facebook: FSU Forensic Psychology Club FSU Forensic Psychology Club Request to join our Request to join our Nole Nole Central page if you aren t already on the roster! Central page if you aren t already on the roster! Spring 2021!! Please send your Please send your
The Insanity Defense Explained The Insanity Defense Explained What is not guilty by grounds of insanity? http://www.carlsonmeissner.com/practice-areas/criminal-defense-lawyers.aspx 1-800-529-5655 Criminal Defense Attorney Kevin Hayslett explains.
Watch this video for a simplification! Watch this video for a simplification! Remember Insanity Defenses - Memorization Help - Episode # 4 Heres an easy way to remember the different rules for insanity defense. Thanks for watching. Subscribe for more videos! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCh4U7HXC73qzCAuhu2Kmg4Q New videos are uploaded every week. The law discussed in this video is general in nature. This video is purely intended for educational purposes. The video is not intended as a substitute for legal advice. You are highly encouraged to seek professional legal advice in your State should you find yourself dealing with the subject matter of this video. The subject matter is not specific to any individual or State law. The video is published for the sole use of education and it is solely based on the opinions and knowledge of the publisher. Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Think-LegalEase-642007932608604/?skip_nax_wizard=true Twitter: https://twitter.com/ThinkLegalease Google+: https://plus.google.com/b/117094959243749648089/117094959243749648089/about?hl=enpageId=117094959243749648089 Email suggested topics to: think_legalease@yahoo.com
The History of the Insanity Defense The History of the Insanity Defense M Naghten Rule Rule Measures the ability to know right from wrong Measures the ability to know right from wrong 1887: Irresistible Impulse Test 1887: Irresistible Impulse Test As a result of mental disease or defect, the defendant could not resist the impulse to commit the As a result of mental disease or defect, the defendant could not resist the impulse to commit the crime of which they are accused crime of which they are accused 1954: Durham Rule 1954: Durham Rule Not criminally responsible if the unlawful act was the product of mental disease or mental defect Not criminally responsible if the unlawful act was the product of mental disease or mental defect 1964: American Law Institute Standard 1964: American Law Institute Standard Consolidated the Consolidated the M Naghten M Naghten Rule and the Durham Rule Rule and the Durham Rule 1984: Insanity Defense Reform Act 1984: Insanity Defense Reform Act Toughened by Congress to not only measure the ability to know right from wrong, but also places Toughened by Congress to not only measure the ability to know right from wrong, but also places the burden of proof on the defendant the burden of proof on the defendant 1843: 1843: M Naghten
Competency to Stand Trial and the Insanity Defense Competency to Stand Trial and the Insanity Defense There are two main questions we re concerned with, regarding mental illness & There are two main questions we re concerned with, regarding mental illness & criminality: criminality: 1. 1. Insanity Defense Insanity Defense 2. 2. Competency to Stand Trial Competency to Stand Trial
What does Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity mean? What does Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity mean? Actions require two elements to be considered crime Actions require two elements to be considered crime Mens rea: Mens rea: guilty mind guilty mind Actus reus: Actus reus: guilty act guilty act When a defendant is found NGRI, this means they cannot be held mentally responsible for the When a defendant is found NGRI, this means they cannot be held mentally responsible for the crime they have committed crime they have committed NGRI denies NGRI denies mens mens rea rea An act does not make a person guilty unless (their) mind is also guilty ~ Edward Coke, An act does not make a person guilty unless (their) mind is also guilty ~ Edward Coke, English judge and politician English judge and politician
Can a sane woman kill her own children? Julie Schenecker is not the first woman accused of murdering her children... and she is not the first to claim legal insanity at trial.As a matter of fact, there are two cases Vinnie Politan has covered where mothers killed multiple children and claimed they didn't know right from wrong.They took their cases to trial and juries had to decide guilty or not guilty by reason of insanity.In both cases, both mothers were found not guilty. For more information please visit http://www.hlntv.com/video/2014/05/01/schenecker-andrea-yates-deanna-laney-moms-who-kill Famous Example of a Successful Famous Example of a Successful NGRI Case: Andrea Yates NGRI Case: Andrea Yates Killed her 5 children + history of mental illness Killed her 5 children + history of mental illness (Psychosis & PPD) (Psychosis & PPD) Deemed CST Deemed CST 1 1st st trial = NGRI (Insanity plea); failed & found trial = NGRI (Insanity plea); failed & found guilty guilty 2 2nd nd trial = NGRI; successful & transferred to trial = NGRI; successful & transferred to mental facility mental facility
How and When is the Insanity Defense Used? How and When is the Insanity Defense Used? Used when the defendant does not know the severity of the crime at hand due to mental Used when the defendant does not know the severity of the crime at hand due to mental impairment or diseased mind impairment or diseased mind The Insanity Defense is overrepresented due to media sensationalization The Insanity Defense is overrepresented due to media sensationalization In reality, it s only used in about 1% of the cases in the U.S. In reality, it s only used in about 1% of the cases in the U.S. Moreover, it is only successful less than 25% Moreover, it is only successful less than 25% of cases Versions of the Insanity Defense vary from state to state Versions of the Insanity Defense vary from state to state Kansas, Montana, Idaho, and Utah do not allow the Insanity Defense Kansas, Montana, Idaho, and Utah do not allow the Insanity Defense Florida uses the M Naghten Rule Florida uses the M Naghten Rule Guilty but Mentally Ill is an alternative option Guilty but Mentally Ill is an alternative option Typically used by the states that don t allow the Insanity Defense Typically used by the states that don t allow the Insanity Defense of cases
Guilty but Mentally Ill Guilty but Mentally Ill Usually additional alternative verdict to guilty, not guilty, and NGRI Usually additional alternative verdict to guilty, not guilty, and NGRI Permitted in 20 states Permitted in 20 states Also known as GBMI Also known as GBMI Used when there is clear evidence of a lack of defendants appreciation for wrongfulness OR Used when there is clear evidence of a lack of defendants appreciation for wrongfulness OR consequences of their actions consequences of their actions Defendants who meet both criteria often opt for the NGRI plea, the GBMI plea is reserved Defendants who meet both criteria often opt for the NGRI plea, the GBMI plea is reserved for those who meet only one criterion for those who meet only one criterion Treatment is delivered up until the defendant is deemed sane Treatment is delivered up until the defendant is deemed sane Once this has happened, they will be moved to a prison to serve out their sentence Once this has happened, they will be moved to a prison to serve out their sentence
Comparing NGRI and GBMI Comparing NGRI and GBMI NGRI NGRI GBMI GBMI Responsibility for Crime Responsibility for Crime Not Responsible Not Responsible Responsible Responsible Where Committed? Where Committed? Forensic Hospital Forensic Hospital Prison Prison Given Sentence? Given Sentence? No No Yes Yes When Released? When Released? When no longer a danger When no longer a danger and mentally ill and mentally ill End of sentence, but could be End of sentence, but could be committed civilly if dangerous committed civilly if dangerous and mentally ill and mentally ill Treatment Given? Treatment Given? Yes Yes Possibly Possibly
Competency Competency Evaluation of defendants in criminal cases are typically done by Forensic Psychologists Evaluation of defendants in criminal cases are typically done by Forensic Psychologists Defendants can be deemed ITP (Incompetent to Proceed) Defendants can be deemed ITP (Incompetent to Proceed) 75% of ITP defendants were deemed competent within 6 months 75% of ITP defendants were deemed competent within 6 months Legal standard Legal standard Dusky v. United States (1960) Dusky v. United States (1960) : A defendant must have with his attorney with a reasonable degree of with his attorney with a reasonable degree of rational understanding factual understanding factual understanding of proceedings against him . of proceedings against him . The modern version of this requires only that a defendant understands the proceedings against The modern version of this requires only that a defendant understands the proceedings against them them : A defendant must have sufficient present ability sufficient present ability to consult rational understanding and a rational as well as to consult and a rational as well as
How do we know who is eligible for competency evaluations? How do we know who is eligible for competency evaluations? No mental illness No mental illness at the time of the trial Able to understand charges brought upon them Able to understand charges brought upon them Able to appreciate possible penalties of crime Able to appreciate possible penalties of crime Able to understand adversarial nature of legal process Able to understand adversarial nature of legal process Able to work with/assist attorney Able to work with/assist attorney Exhibit appropriate courtroom behavior Exhibit appropriate courtroom behavior Testify relevantly Testify relevantly at the time of the trial
What happens once a defendant is found ITP? What happens once a defendant is found ITP? If you are found ITP, the legal proceedings are brought to a halt A mentally ill individual deemed incompetent is then subject to treatment until they are deemed restored to A mentally ill individual deemed incompetent is then subject to treatment until they are deemed restored to competence , and then they return to court to be tried on the charges. competence , and then they return to court to be tried on the charges. Common reasons for ITP: Common reasons for ITP: Low intelligence or dementia impairs understanding of trial process Low intelligence or dementia impairs understanding of trial process Depression and self Depression and self- -defeating behavior limit motivation for trial s best outcome defeating behavior limit motivation for trial s best outcome Mania impairs ability to act appropriately in courtroom Mania impairs ability to act appropriately in courtroom Paranoid delusions impair ability to work with defense counsel Paranoid delusions impair ability to work with defense counsel Disorganized thinking impairs concentration and attention Disorganized thinking impairs concentration and attention Delusions, disorganized thinking, low intellect, or dementia result in irrational decision Delusions, disorganized thinking, low intellect, or dementia result in irrational decision- -making about defense defense Hallucinations distract from paying attention to the trial Hallucinations distract from paying attention to the trial If you are found ITP, the legal proceedings are brought to a halt making about
What is Malingering? What is Malingering ? Intentional production or exaggeration of psychological symptoms, motivated by motivated Intentional production or exaggeration of psychological symptoms, motivated by motivated external incentives (escaping charges, financial compensation) external incentives (escaping charges, financial compensation) How can we catch those who malinger? How can we catch those who malinger? M M- -FAST: Miller Forensic Assessment of Symptoms Test FAST: Miller Forensic Assessment of Symptoms Test SIRS: Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms SIRS: Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms Often obvious, if a skilled professional is doing their job correctly Often obvious, if a skilled professional is doing their job correctly Look for: Look for: Reported vs observed symptoms Reported vs observed symptoms Unusual hallucinations Unusual hallucinations Not typical course of symptom Not typical course of symptom
Video Example of Malingering: Video Example of Malingering: What does 'competent to stand trial' mean? The trial of Bryan Santana, a man accused in the murder of his roommate, continued Wednesday despite the defense claiming that Santana is incompetent. Amanda Ober (@AmandaOberWESH) takes a look at what's involved in deciding whether someone is menta Subscribe to WESH on YouTube now for more: http://bit.ly/1dqr14j Get more Orlando news: http://wesh.com Like us:http://facebook.com/wesh2news Follow us: http://twitter.com/wesh Google+: http://plus.google.com/+wesh
Final Notes Final Notes This month s newsletter will be released before Thanksgiving! This month s newsletter will be released before Thanksgiving! Remember to submit your applications for open board positions to Remember to submit your applications for open board positions to fsu.fpc@gmail.com If anyone is particularly interested in what our guest speaker discussed today, please reach out to If anyone is particularly interested in what our guest speaker discussed today, please reach out to the Vice President ( the Vice President (clb18@my.fsu.edu clb18@my.fsu.edu) and she will connect you with our guest speaker to answer ) and she will connect you with our guest speaker to answer any questions! any questions! We will be announcing the new board in our next meeting We will be announcing the new board in our next meeting Our next meeting will be Our next meeting will be on 11/30/ on 11/30/ 2020 2020 Have a safe, happy Thanksgiving with your loved ones! We will see you after the break Have a safe, happy Thanksgiving with your loved ones! We will see you after the break fsu.fpc@gmail.com
Are there any questions? Are there any questions?
