Protein Qualitative Tests and Clinical Uses
Explore various qualitative tests for proteins including the Biuret test, Xanthoproteic test, Millon's test, Ninhydrin test, and Heat Coagulation test. Learn their principles, indications, procedures, clinical uses, and observations. Discover how these tests help in detecting the presence of proteins and specific amino acids in different samples.
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Presentation Transcript
Part 1: Protein Practical Tests A. Qualitative Tests for Proteins 1. Biuret Test Principle: Peptide bonds react with copper sulfate in alkaline medium to form a violet-colored complex. Indication: Presence of proteins Procedure: Add Biuret reagent to the sample and observe for violet color. Clinical Use: Total protein estimation in serum
2. Xanthoproteic Test Principle: Aromatic amino acids react with concentrated nitric acid to form yellow nitro derivatives. Observation: Yellow color that deepens with alkali. Use: Detection of tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine.
3. Millons Test Principle: Tyrosine reacts with Millon s reagent to give a red color. Use: Specific for tyrosine-containing proteins.
4. Ninhydrin Test Principle: Amino acids react with ninhydrin to produce a blue or purple complex. Use: Detection of free amino acids.
5. Heat Coagulation Test Principle: Proteins denature and coagulate when heated. Use: Detection of albumin in urine (proteinuria).
