Psychology: Definition, Goals, and Perspectives
Explore the scientific study of behavior and mental processes in psychology, covering topics such as goals, historical perspectives like structuralism and functionalism, and modern perspectives like cognitive psychology, behaviorism, and humanistic psychology.
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Presentation Transcript
Rayat Shikshan Sansthas R. B. Narayanrao Borawake College, Shrirampur, Tal. Shrirampur, Dist. Ahmednagar Dr. G. V. Lokhande Class: F.Y..B.A. Subject : General Psychology (G-1) Topic: Definition, Goals, Perspectives of Psychology
What is Psychology ? Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Behavior refer to all of our overt actions and reactions Mental Process refer to all the internal, covert activity of our mind
Goals of psychology Four Goals of Psychology Description: What is Happening ? Explanation: Why is it Happening? Perdition: When will it Happen Again? Control: How Can it Be Changed?
History and Perspectives of Psychology Structuralism Perspective: Wilhelm Wundt, (1832-1920) Psychology Laboratory in Leipzing, Germany: 1879 Wilhelm Wundt : Father of Psychology Focused on structure of the Mind Developed the method of objective introspection Objective Introspection means the process of examining and measuring one s own thoughts and mental activities. Edward Titchener: Students of Wilhelm Wundt.
History and Perspectives of Psychology Functionalism Perspective: William James (1842-1910) William James focused on how the mind allows people to adapt, live, work and play to their surrounding. Gestalt Perspective: Max Werteimer and others Gestalt Psychologists studied sensation and perception. Gestalt is a German Word Gestalt means Good Form or Good Figure The focus on perception and sensation , Particularly the perception and whole figures
History and Perspectives of Psychology Part of the study of cognitive psychology Psychoanalysis Perspective : Dr. Sigmund Freud Unconscious Mind controls much of conscious behavior Behaviorism Perspective: John B. Watson: Science of Behavior (1924) Focus on Scientific Inquiry Focus on observable Behavior The Science of behavior that focus on observable behavior only Behaviorism Pavlov Conditioned Response
History and Perspectives of Psychology Humanistic Perspective: Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers Maslow and Rogers emphasized the human potential, the ability of each person to become the best person he or she could be. Human Potential for self-Actualization
History and Perspectives of Psychology Cognitive Perspective; 1960 Cognitive Psychology focus on how people think, remember, store and use information Cognitive perspective focus on memory, intelligence, perception, problem solving and learning
History and Perspectives of Psychology Bio-Psycho-Socio-Cultural Perspective: Physical Factors and Behavior Mental Factors and Behavior Social Factors and Behavior Cultural Factors and Behavior Ref. Psychology: Saundra K. Ciccarelli, Glenn E. Meyer, Girishwar Misra, Pearson Education in South Asia. 2008
