Questions about quantum computers
Delve into the world of quantum computers with insights from Simone Severini at AWS 2022. Explore various aspects of quantum computing, understand its implications, and discover the latest advancements in this cutting-edge field. Gain valuable knowledge and stay updated on the fast-evolving realm of quantum technology.
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Presentation Transcript
Questions about quantum computers Simone Severini AWS 2022
1. What is quantum computing? Quantum theory Un-intuitive description of fundamental physical reality Negative probabilities Observation modifies the observed Simulate ? quantum particles requires a number of steps that is exponential in ? Quantum computing Both technology and science Study and build machines that encode, process, transfer, and secure information in quantum systems Explore the physical limits of computation Quantum computers Preparation Operations (elementary/global) Read-out
2. Why is it important? Interplay between computer science and physics Physics to study computation and computation to study physics Quantum computers Are machines to explore nature Parallel with telescopes, particle accelerators Are machines to push computation beyond conventional (classical) computers Time-to-solution Accuracy Are machines that could impact technology profoundly
3. What is not quantum computing? Be aware of widespread misconceptions Are not smaller Don t execute operations faster Don t give instantaneous solutions Don t speed-up every problem Cannot be built without quantum systems No quantum advantage in business today Still in R&D and exploratory phase
4. How did we get here? Generation of ideas Solution-driven Emerging Zeitgeist of computational physics of the 80s (e.g., cellular automata, first computer simulations, thermodynamics of computation) 90s Models of quantum computation, factoring, search, quantum simulation First hardware experiments 00s Academic phase 10s Prototypes Industry transition National programs
5. Where are we now? Science No provable roadblocks Finding quantum algorithms is hard Technology Superconducting, photonics, atoms, ions, spins, etc. Error-correction (fault tolerance) NISQ Supremacy vs classical simulation Quantum-classical algorithms Access/integration in IT infrastructure
6. What is the impact today? Society Investments Public: Gov labs, hubs, academia Private: VCs, family offices, accelerators e.g., Duality Startups & enterprises Hardware providers Processors, supply chain, control Application specialists Tooling developers, research, application layers, usability Adopters Proofs of concept Exploration (e.g., Amgen, BMW, JPMorgan Chase)
7. What is next? Timeline is uncertain Innovation in the way we do science Special purpose hardware Applications Nature: chemical, molecular simulations (biotech, pharma, materials) Processes: optimization, finance (Monte Carlo, portfolio optimization), logistics Machine learning (conjectural) Search for problems with structure Quantum computers will not replace classical computers Probably no quantum laptops Part of complex IT
8. What are the challenges and risks? Challenges Build Large, stable quantum computers that scale horizontally and go beyond NISQ Design Useful applications for the available machines Risks Insufficient workforce Articulating use cases Interdisciplinary skills Unjustifiably optimistic messaging/timeline False expectations and milestones Technical debt induced by investor pressure Stagnation No commercial viability
9. What can industry leaders do now? Quantum curious learn, explore Quantum pioneers committing resources, engage the community, sponsor research Quantum enablers solutions providers, trainers/educators, researchers Quantum opportunist problem centric, technology agnostic
10. Where can I get started? Quantum Computing for the very curious https://quantum.country/qcvc GAO-22-104422 https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-22-104422 Amazon Braket https://aws.amazon.com/braket/
The greatest achievement of our field wont be to speed up computation or to communicate secretly, but to help people understand that this world is quantum mechanical. Charlie Bennett, Beijing, December 2017
