Reinterpretation of Ballistic Surfing Acceleration in Supernova Shocks

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Explore the reinterpretation of Fermi acceleration of cosmic rays in terms of ballistic surfing acceleration in supernova shocks. Discover the physical mechanism, Bell's method, and predicted spectral indices, shedding light on the knee energy phenomenon.

  • Supernova Shocks
  • Cosmic Rays
  • Ballistic Surfing Acceleration
  • Fermi Acceleration
  • Spectral Indices

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  1. Reinterpretation of the Fermi acceleration of cosmic rays in terms of the ballistic surfing acceleration in supernova shocks K. Stasiewicz, Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, e-mail: kstasiewicz@cbk.waw.pl

  2. Observed spectrum of cosmic rays

  3. Ballistic surfing acceleration physical mechanism Fermi / DSA (diffusive shock acc) non-physical mechanism Energy gain based on the Lorentz transformation between upstream and downstream reference frames. NON-PHYSICAL !

  4. Bell (1978) method for spectrum in DSA

  5. Spectral index predicted by BSA Spectral index predicted by Fermi/DSA incidentally correct

  6. Explanation of the knee energy by BSA

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