Reliability of Macroeconomic Forecasts: Ministry of Finance Audit
Reliable macroeconomic forecasts are crucial for effective fiscal policy. This audit assesses the Ministry of Finance's forecasting processes and methods, focusing on statistical reliability, transparency, and organizational independence. Findings show no statistical bias in the ministry's forecasts compared to other institutes.
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MODULE 5 - Thematic Areas: Integrating Gender-Based Violence Interventions in HEALTH Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Agenda Links between GBV and Humanitarian Programming Knowledge Basics for Implementing the Thematic Area Guidance A Closer Look: Assessment; Resource Mobilization; Implementation; Referrals; Coordination; Monitoring and Evaluation Discussion of Implementation Strategy Developing an Action Plan
Outcomes HEALTH actors are informed about key relevant elements of the Guidelines HEALTH actors are supported to develop an action plan with indicators for integrating the Guidelines recommendations into their areas of operation HEALTH actors identify accountability measures to track progress of GBV risk reduction mainstreaming and response HEALTH
Protection of all persons affected and at risk must inform humanitarian decision- making and response it must be central to our preparedness efforts, as part of immediate and life-saving activities . Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Warm-up Activity: Mapping Risk across health 1) What types of GBV are prevalent in your settings? 2) What are the risks in this setting that contribute to GBV Pre-existing - exists independent of, or prior to emergency or conflict (culture, policy, etc.) Emergency-related - specific to/resulting from the disaster or conflict Humanitarian-related - caused directly or indirectly by humanitarian environment 3) What can your cluster/sector do to prevent and mitigate GBV risks? Pre-existing risk mitigation activity Emergency-related risk mitigation activity Humanitarian-related risk mitigation activity Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Assessment, Analysis and Planning What are our priority areas of inquiry for HEALTH?
A walk through HEALTH TAG: Assessment, Analysis & Planning Key point: Purpose is not for HEALTH actors to undertake standalone GBV assessments, but rather to incorporate questions related to GBV risks into their ongoing HEALTH assessments Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
A walk through HEALTH TAG: Assessment (cont d) Provides a list of recommended GBV-related questions to incorporate, as relevant, into HEALTH assessments and routine monitoring These questions do not cover the nature and scope of GBV, but basic issues related to HEALTH programming, policies and communications HEALTH specialists are NOT expected to undertake assessments about the extent of GBV Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
What does this mean for HEALTH? From page 42: h) What is the number, location, safety and accessibility of health facilities that provide clinical care including mental health and psychosocial support for survivors of rape and care/support for other forms of GBV j) What is the range of health services provided to support the medical needs of GBV survivors (e.g. PEP to prevent HIV; emergency contraception) g) What are health-care workers attitudes towards GBV survivors and the services provided Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Activity: Conducting Assessments Option 1: Review and Discuss Review the Areas of Inquiry in the GBV guidelines: 1) Which questions would you prioritize? 1) How will you collect this information? I. What surveys / assessment are already being used where you can integrate questions When and where will the survey occur to ensure participation of at-risk groups II. 3) Who would you need to work with to collect this information? I. II. III. How will they communicate about the assessment with the community? What is the composition of the assessment team, men / women? What training will they require? Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Activity: Conducting Assessments Option 2: Review and Compare Review the Areas of Inquiry in the GBV guidelines against your current assessment tool. 1) Which GBV risks and considerations are already integrated in the assessment tool currently or previously used? 2) Which GBV risks or considerations would you prioritize for inclusion? 3) How will it be possible to integrate new questions which consider GBV risks? I. With whom will you need to advocate to include these areas of inquiry? - Cluster coordinators, state actors, GBV specialists II. With whom will you need to collaborate in order to safely and effectively integrate these areas of inquiry? - Cluster coordinators, state actors, GBV specialists Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Activity: Conducting Assessments Option 3: Mapping information on GBV risks to mitigation Prioritize 3 areas of inquiry that apply to your context and carry out the below: Area of Inquiry Risk of Concern Potential for GBV Mitigation 1. Cultural and community perceptions, practices and norms Access to health services is not possible for survivor due to discrimination from provider/ community Psychological and emotional by provider, repeated experience of GBV by perpetrator, new assault/harassment by community Identify and support existing community structures (midwives, women s organizations, family members) to support survivors, ensure proper training of staff and acknowledge provider attitudes 2. Infrastructure GBV related health services are not safe, confidential or supportive Repeated GBV (intimate partner), new forms of GBV by other perpetrator, rape, harrassment Ensure existing medical services and clinics have services for survivors integrated in their systems in a way that is non- stigmatizing Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Quiz: Conducting Assessments HEALTH actors should: Consult GBV specialists throughout the planning, design, analysis and interpretation of an assessment Not use local expertise Strictly adhere to safe and ethical recommendations for researching GBV Share data that may be linked back to a group or an individual, including GBV survivors Seek out GBV survivors to speak to them specifically about their experiences of GBV Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Quiz: Conducting Assessments Assume reported data on GBV/trends represent actual prevalence/trends in the extent of GBV Include GBV specialists on inter-agency and inter-sectoral teams Not include female assessors and translators when conducting assessments Conduct consultations in a secure setting where individuals feel safe to provide information and participate in discussions and decision-making Provide training for assessment team members on ethical and safety issues Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Discussion: Is it always possible to include GBV in initial assessments? How can one ensure inclusion of at-risk groups in assessments? Who needs to be involved? Why is it the responsibility of HEALTH staff? Where does this responsibility ends? Who needs to be convinced? ALWAYS INVOLVED WOMEN AND OTHER AT- RISK GROUPS IN THE DESIGN AND ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH PROGRAMS Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Resource Mobilization What are HEALTH commitments to Resource Mobilization for GBV risk reduction?
A walk through the HEALTH TAG: Resource Mobilization Key point: Funding for HEALTH -related GBV prevention and risk mitigation activities must be included in project proposals from the outset of emergency response Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
A walk through the HEALTH TAG: Resource Mobilization In humanitarian settings, GBV resources tend to be linked to longer-term protection and stability initiatives Resources to address GBV in emergencies are often limited The Guidelines provide recommendations on incorporating GBV risk mitigation activities into project proposals Donors are encouraged to reference this section to ensure GBV issues are included in HEALTH proposals Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
A walk through the HEALTH TAG: Resource Mobilization GBV risk based on gender analysis and safety audit Proposed intervention Risk vs. benefits Adapted intervention Impact? Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
What does this mean for HEALTH? GBV-related points to consider for inclusion in a proposal (Pg. 46): 1). Humanitarian Needs Overview/Situation Analysis: Describe the vulnerabilities of women, girls and other at-risk groups; 2). Project Rationale/Justification: Explain GBV-related risks related to HEALTH interventions in your context; 3). Project Description: Explain which activities may help in preventing or mitigating GBV Describe mechanisms that facilitate reporting of GBV in safe and ethical manner Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
What does this mean for HEALTH? How to measure GBV-related points to consider for inclusion in a proposal, cont d: Monitoring and Evaluation: M&E plan should track progress and adverse effects on GBV mainstreaming activities; M&E plan should include the participation of women, girls and other at-risk groups; Include outcome-level indicators to measure program impact on GBV-related risks; Disaggregate indicators by sex, age, disability and other vulnerability factors Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
THE IASC GENDER MARKER Both Gender marker and GBV mainstreaming address issues of women and girls empowerment and gender equality and include men and boys as partners in prevention. = Tool that codes (0-2 scale) whether or not a humanitarian project is designed well enough to ensure that women/girls, men/boys will benefit equally from it or that it will advance gender equality in another way Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
What does this mean for HEALTH? Some examples of GBV mainstreaming activities that can be included in GBV proposals: Facilities are safe and accessible to GBV survivors Monitoring services in place to ensure commodities and follow-up care are accessible (cost, location, provider training) Supported environment by addressing the underlying causes and contributing factors of GBV (health education, GBV prevention) Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
What does this mean for HEALTH? Do you have other examples of mitigation strategies? Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Activity: Resource Mobilization In Small Groups: Review the assigned proposal in light with the resource mobilization checklist of the Guidelines and highlight: Good practices Gaps Proposed strategies to address these gaps. Tools needed to better design proposals Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Discussion: Is GBV-related activities in HEALTH programs always cost-effective? Why should it be considered? Do donors always support GBV-related activities in HEALTH programs? What can be some of these barriers? GBV MAINSTREAMING ACTIVITIES ALWAYS CONTRIBUTE TO GOOD HEALTH PROGRAMMING Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Implementation What are our commitments to include GBV prevention and mitigation within ongoing and new HEALTH activities?
A walk through the HEALTH TAG: Implementation Key takeaway: If effectively designed, HEALTH programmes can mitigate risks of GBV: Survivor medical services located within health facilities Participation of women and girls in HEALTH related committees and decision making processes Health access ensured for all affected persons Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
A walk through the HEALTH TAG: Implementation Provides guidance for putting GBV-related risk reduction responsibilities into practice Activities to improve the overall quality of GBV-related prevention and mitigation strategies: Establish GBV-related responsibilities common to all actors working within HEALTH Recommend strategies for HEALTH actors to reduce risks Maximize immediate protection of GBV survivors and persons at risk and foster longer-term interventions to eliminate GBV 3 main types of responsibilities: programming, policies, and communications & information sharing Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
What does this mean for HEALTH? From page 47: Maximize safety within and around health facilities (adequate lighting; female guards at facilities; lockable sex-segregated latrines and washing facilities) Make opening times convenient for women, girls and other at-risk groups based on their household duties and school times. Ensure health facilities have and abide by standardized guidelines for the clinical care of survivors of sexual assault. Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Activity- Implementation Option 1: Review Mitigation Strategies In small groups: 1. Review recommended mitigation strategies 2. Add any strategies missing 3. Prioritize 2-3 key strategies that should be prioritized 4. Highlight operational challenges Rotate teams: troubleshoot challenges, provide recommendations 5. Create operational action plan: i. Key actions ii. Coordination amongst key actors iii. Resources / support required Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Activity- Implementation Option 2: Mitigating GBV risk in Program Strategy Review current programmatic strategy In small groups: 1. 2. 3. 4. Highlight GBV mitigation strategies currently integrated Review Guideline recommended mitigation strategies Prioritize 2-3 key strategies that should be prioritized Create operational action plan: i. ii. iii. iv. Information needed Key actions Coordination amongst key actors Resources / support required Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Discussion: Prioritization and Selection Criteria How to prioritize GBV risk reduction in HEALTH programs? What types of investments are required? What vulnerability criteria would you use for beneficiaries? What challenges are associated with these? How should sensitive information be managed to protect affected populations, including survivors of GBV? DON T SINGLE OUT GBV SURVIVORS OR VULNERABLE GROUPS 33
Coordination What are our commitments to include GBV prevention and mitigation within ongoing and new HEALTH activities?
A walk through the HEALTH TAG: Coordination Key takeaways: GBV prevention and risk reduction is most effective when done in coordination with both GBV specialists and other sectors Recommends specific actions for HEALTH actors to coordinate with others Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
A walk through the HEALTH TAG: Coordination Supports humanitarian actors to define responsibilities and accountability mechanisms in GBV prevention and response efforts Establish responsibilities for humanitarian actors in the prevention and mitigation of GBV Maximize immediate protection of GBV survivors and persons at risk through multi-sectoral coordination on response to GBV incidents Coordination activities can move across the 3 main types of responsibilities: programming, policies, and communications & information sharing and may also include advocacy / efforts for: Assessment Resource Mobilization Monitoring and Evaluation Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
A walk through the HEALTH TAG: Coordination GBV Specialists can assist HEALTH actors to (Pg. 55): 1. Design and conduct HEALTH assessments that examine the risks of GBV, and strategize ways to mitigate these risks Provide trainings for HEALTH staff on issues of gender, GBV and women s/human rights Develop standard operating procedures (SOPs) for HEALTH actors 2. 3. Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
What does this mean for HEALTH? Coordinationwith GBV Specialists, cont d GBV Specialists can assist HEALTH actors to: 4. Identify where survivors can receive care, and provide HEALTH staff with skills and information to respond supportively to survivors Provide training for the affected community on issues of gender, GBV and women s/human rights as they relate to HEALTH rights Review relevant statutory and customary laws and policies to strengthen GBV-related legal protections 5. 6. Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
What does this mean for HEALTH : Coordination with other sectors (p. 55) HEALTH actors can work with (example): CCCM: Plan the location and ensure the accessibility of health facilities based on safety concerns and needs of survivors and those at risk of GBV LIVELIHOOD: Work with livelihoods programmers to provide cash-for-work to survivors and those at risk of GBV in health facilities and health outreach initiatives Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
What does this mean for HEALTH : Coordination for cross-cutting issues Also coordinate with partners addressing: gender mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) HIV age environment Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Activity: Coordination Option 1: Mechanisms to Support Program Implementation Return to small groups from the implementation activity: 1. Reflect on the specific actions recommended 2. Who needs to be involved to execute this action GBV specialists Other clusters 3. What type of coordination is required be specific - - Roles and responsibilities Accountability mechanisms Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Activity: Coordination Mapping With what sectors would HEALTH benefit from stronger coordination? i. ii. iii. iv. What coordination mechanisms exist to support collaboration Key actions Who is responsible, accountable, needs to be informed How will you monitor progress How could HEALTH and protection actors better coordinate/work together? i. What coordination mechanisms exist to support collaboration ii. Key actions iii. Who is responsible, accountable, needs to be informed iv. How will you monitor progress Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Suggested recommendations about referrals in the Guidelines All humanitarian personnel who engage with affected populations should have up to date written information about where to refer survivors for care and support. Ensure training on how to respectfully and supportively engage with survivors and provide risk reporting and/or referral information in an ethical, safe and confidential manner Any programmes that share information about reports of GBV must abide by safety and ethical standards (e.g. shared information does not reveal the identity of or pose a security risk to individual survivors, their families or the broader community) Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Activity: Coordination Option 3: Coordination and Referrals w/ GBV specialists In small groups discuss: Map the current referral mechanism where your activities are ongoing - What services are available - Which actors are involved What are your responsibilities within the referral mechanism? - Who do you immediately report an incident to? - Are there cases where you are unable to refer? What happens when there is no referral mechanism in place or when it is not functioning? - What are your responsibilities in this situation? Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Monitoring and Evaluation What are priority indicators for GBV prevention and risk mitigation in HEALTH programming?
A walk through the HEALTH TAG: Monitoring & Evaluation Key Point: Indicators can be used to measure the outcomes of activities undertaken across the programme cycle, with the ultimate aim of maintaining effective programmes and improving accountability Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
A walk through the HEALTH TAG: Monitoring & Evaluation Why? Limited evidence exists on effective integration of GBV programming in other sectors Indicators in the Guidelines aim to: Track outputs resulting from interventions to affected populations Chart outcome of cluster activities Measure progress toward objectives, considering diversity of affected populations & their perspectives of the response Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
Monitoring & Evaluation: Indicators Why? Limited evidence exists on effective integration of GBV programming in other sectors Indicators in the Guidelines aim to: Track outputs resulting from interventions to affected populations Chart outcome of cluster activities Measure progress toward objectives, considering diversity of affected populations & their perspectives of the response Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
A walk through the HEALTH TAG: Monitoring & Evaluation: Reporting Analyze existing data using a GBV lens to improve GBV prevention and response Example: Existence of female security personnel in a specified location What are the implications of the findings? How may this affect GBV prevention and mitigation? Failing to meet a target can lead to response and resource mobilization Use data for action across the programme cycle Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
What does this mean for HEALTH (Pg. 57)? # of health assessments that include GBV-related questions # of health facilities with clinical staff who are trained on CCSA and other forms of GBV # of affected persons who report concerns about experiencing GBV when asked about access to health centres of health facilities with CCSA with no fee for CCSA and other forms of GBV # of health sites with a standard referral pathway for GBV survivors Guidelines for Integrating Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action
