Residual Markets and Uninsured Motorists in Maryland Auto Insurance

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Analysis of the Maryland auto insurance market reveals a shrinking residual market and declining uninsured motorist rates. Private insurers dominate the market, highlighting healthy competition. Maryland outperforms the U.S. in uninsured motorist percentages, indicating a positive trend.

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Residual Markets, Uninsured Motorists and Competition in Maryland Auto Insurance Maryland Auto Insurance Plan Senate Hearing on Uninsured Motorists Annapolis, MD December 16, 2015 Download at www.iii.org/presentations Robert P. Hartwig, Ph.D., CPCU, President & Economist Insurance Information Institute 110 William Street New York, NY 10038 Tel: 212.346.5520 Cell: 917.453.1885 bobh@iii.org www.iii.org

Executive Summary: Residual Markets and Uninsured Motorists in Maryland 99% of all private passenger motor vehicles insured in Maryland are insured in the private market (as of 2013) Only 1% are insured by the state residual market (same as the US overall) MAIF s market share has shrunk from 3.7% in 2004 to 1.0% in 2013 Very small market share in the market of last resort is indicative of healthy and strong pvt. insurer competition, sophisticated underwriting In 2014, a total of 59 insurers were offering pvt. pass. auto insurance in MD The number of vehicles insured by MAIF plunged by 70.5% from 2004 to 2013, a decline of 96,668 (from 137,168 in 2004 to 40,500 in 2013) The Uninsured Motorist Percentage in Maryland fell from 14.9% in 2009 to 12.2% in 2012 (latest available, Insurance Research Council) Maryland s Uninsured Motorist percentage in 2012 was lower than the 12.6% recorded for the US overall Bottom Line: Residual Market and Uninsured Motorist trends in Maryland are favorable, suggesting that markets are healthy and competition is vigorous, even for riskier drivers 2

Maryland Private Passenger Auto Residual Market Overview Residual Market Shares in Maryland Have Been Shrinking 3 3

Residual Market - Maryland 250,000 4.0% MD s residual market population fell by 71% (nearly 100,000 drivers) from 2004-2013 3.7% 3.5%3.5% Private Pass. Vehicles in Residual Market Residual Market As % of Total Market 3.5% 3.0% 200,000 3.0% 2.7% 2.6% 2.5% 2.2% 150,000 2.2% 2.0%1.9%1.8%1.8% 2.0% 137,168 1.7% 130,669 127,666 100,000 1.3%1.1%1.0% 1.5% 104,012 100,465 83,931 83,247 76,658 1.0% 73,328 72,820 71,280 71,064 50,000 55,873 49,615 43,289 40,500 0.5% 0 0.0% SOURCES: AIPSO Fact Books, Insurance Information Institute. The Residual Market Has Been Shrinking in Maryland and Across Most of the Country. 4

Residual Market USA* 5,000,000 2.5% The US residual market population fell by 28% from 2004-2013 compared to 71% in MD 2.2% Private Pass. Vehicles in Residual Market 4,500,000 Residual Market As % of Total Market 4,000,000 2.0% 3,500,000 1.5%1.6%1.6%1.5% 1.6% 3,389,508 1.4% 3,000,000 1.5% 1.3% 1.2% 0.9% 1.0% 2,500,000 2,750,080 1.1%1.0% 1.0%1.0% 2,659,724 2,650,052 1.0% 2,455,399 2,443,101 2,345,192 2,000,000 1.0% 2,179,417 2,145,489 1,972,673 1,963,907 1,931,791 1,899,121 1,871,565 1,500,000 1,809,252 1,727,811 1,000,000 0.5% 500,000 0 0.0% *Excludes Texas No Data After 2012. SOURCES: AIPSO Fact Books, Insurance Information Institute. The Residual Market Has Been Shrinking in Maryland and Across Most of the Country 5

Residual Market MD vs. US* 4.0% MD s residual market population fell by 71% from 2004-2013, bringing the state s residual market share in line wth the US 3.7% 3.5%3.5% Residual Market As % of Total Market MD USA ex Texas 3.5% 3.0% 3.0% 2.7% 2.6% 2.5% 2.2% 2.2% 2.0%1.9%1.8%1.8% 2.0% 2.2% 1.7% 1.5% 1.3% 1.4%1.5%1.6%1.6%1.5% 1.6% 1.1%1.0% 1.3%1.2%1.1%1.0%0.9%1.0%1.0%1.0%1.0% 1.0% 0.5% 0.0% The Residual Market Has Been Shrinking in Maryland and Across the Country. North Carolina Remains an Outlier. *Excludes Texas No Data After 2012. SOURCES: AIPSO Fact Books, Insurance Information Institute. 6

Maryland Private Passenger Uninsured Motorist Analysis Uninsured Motorist Shares in Maryland Has Been Shrinking 7 7

Estimated Percentage of Uninsured Motorists by State, 2012: Highest 25 States* MD s share of uninsured motorists was slightly below the US in 2012 and down substantially from 14.9% in 2009 30 25.9 23.8 25 22.9 21.6 21.0 20.1 19.6 20 17.0 16.2 16.1 15.9 15.8 14.7 14.2 14.1 13.9 13.5 13.5 13.3 13.3 13.2 15 12.6 12.2 12.2 (%) 11.9 11.7 10 5 0 OK FL MS NM MI TN AL RI CO WA AR KY CA IN MT LA MO OH IL TX AK US MD NV DC GA (1) *Percentage of uninsured drivers, as measured by the ratio of uninsured motorists (UM) claims to bodily injury (BI) claims frequencies. (1) In Florida, compulsory auto laws apply to personal injury protection (PIP) and physical damage, but not to third party bodily injury coverage. Source: Insurance Research Council; Insurance Information Institute. 8

Estimated Percentage of Uninsured Motorists by State, 2012: Lowest 25 States* 11.7 11.5 12 10.8 10.6 10.3 10.1 9.7 10 9.4 9.3 9.1 9.0 8.9 8.7 8.5 8.4 8.0 7.8 7.7 8 (%) 6.7 6.7 6.5 5.9 5.8 6 5.3 4.7 3.9 4 2 0 WI DE MN AZ NJ VA IA KS NH NC OR HI WY VT WV CT SD SC ID NE PA ND UT NY ME MA *Percentage of uninsured drivers, as measured by the ratio of uninsured motorists (UM) claims to bodily injury (BI) claims frequencies. Source: Insurance Research Council. 9

Uninsured Driver Percentage: United States, 1989 2012* 17% 16.3% Residual Market As % of Total Market 16.0% 16% 15.1% 14.9% 15.1% 15.6% 15% 14.6% 15.4% 14.5% 14.3% 14.2% 14.6% 14% 14.2% 13.8% 14.3% 13.0% 13.8% 13.2% 13.8% 13% 13.4% 12.6% 12.8% 12% 12.3% 12.2% 11% 10% Over the Past Three Decades, the Percentage of Uninsured Motorists Has Been Shrinking Across the Country. *Latest available. SOURCE: Insurance Research Council; Insurance Information Institute. 10

Uninsured Motorist Share, Maryland vs. US, 2006 2012 Maryland s uninsured motorist share was below the US overall (per the most recent data available) US Maryland 16% 14.9% 15% 14.3% 13.8% 14% 12.7% 12.6% 13% 12.2% 12% 11% 10% 2006 2009 2012 Source: Insurance Research Council (latest available); Insurance Information Institute. 11

Strategies for Reducing the Uninsured Motorist Population Education Educating drivers as to their legal requirement to carry auto liability insurance is an important factor in achieving the goal of low r are insured by the state residual market (same as the US overall No Pay, No Play Laws Laws that prevent uninsured motorists from collecting compensation for noneconomic damages arising from a traffic accident with an insured, at- fault driver Logic is that if you violate the law and are driving illegally without insurance there should be no recovery for noneconomic damages Theory and empirical evidence (IRC) suggest such laws do reduce uninsured motorist rates Enforcement and Penalties Stringent enforcement is necessary to reduce flaunting of the law Should be backed with appropriate penalties 12

SUMMARY Maryland s residual market population and share have experienced significant shrinkage in recent years (from 3.7%% in 2004 to 1.0% in 2012) This is indicative of strong competition among private passenger auto insurers for event the riskiest drivers (59 pvt. passenger auto insurers competed for business in the state in 2014) 99% of drivers are covered in the voluntary market by private insurers A small residual market is a critical part of a healthy, competitive private market; A true market of last resort Maryland s uninsured motorist percentage has declined significantly as well (from 14.9% in 2009 to 12.2% in 2012); Now below US average Education and Enforcement are keys to keeping the down proportion of uninsured motorists on the road No Pay, No Play laws can help QUESTIONS? 13