Seed Processing and Quality Testing: Importance and Principles
Seed processing is crucial for ensuring seed quality before marketing. This involves removing dockage and utilizing machinery to separate seeds based on physical differences. The process aims for complete separation with minimal loss and maximum efficiency. Various materials, such as weed seeds and damaged seeds, are removed during processing to enhance seed quality. The sequence of operations includes drying, receiving, pre-cleaning, conditioning, cleaning, separating, treating, weighing, bagging, and storage or shipping. Effective seed processing is essential for maintaining the quality and viability of seeds.
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Presentation Transcript
CENTURION UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT M.S.SWAMINATHAN SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE. Topic Topic : pre and post processing quality testing of seed. : pre and post processing quality testing of seed.
seed processing The process of removal of dockage in a seed lot and preparation of seed for marketing is called seed processing. The price and quality of seed is inversely related to dockage, which should not exceed a maximum level permitted for different crops for seed certification. . The heterogeneity occurs in a seed lot due to following reasons: 1.Variability in soil for fertility, physical, chemical and biological properties 2.Variability in management practices (irrigation, application of nutrients etc.) 3.Variability in ability of the seedling for utilizing the inputs Principle of seed processing: the processing operation carried out based on the principle of physical differences found in a seed lot. Physical differences Suitable machinaries Seed size varied from small to bold air screen cleaner cum grader Specific gravity separator Density- ill filled, immature to well Matured light weight to dense seed Shape round to oval and different shapes Spiral separator Surface texture smooth to wrinkled and rough Roll mill / dodder mill
Requirement in seed processing 1.There should be complete separation 2.There should be minimum seed loss 3.Upgrading should be possible for any particular quality 4.There should be have more efficiency 5.It should have only minimum requirement Types of materials removed during seed processing 1.Inert materials 2.Common weed seeds 3.Noxious weed seeds 4.Deteriorated seeds 5.Damaged seeds 6.Other crop seeds 7.Other variety seeds 8.Off-size seeds Sequence of operation in seed processing 1.Sequence of operations are based on characteristics of seed such as shape, size, weight, length, surface structure, colour and moisture content. Because each crop seed possesses individually seed structure. Therefore, sequence of operation will be applied proper equipments. However, It is also involved stages following as 2.Drying 3.Receiving
4.Pre-cleaning 5.Conditioning 6.Cleaning 7.Separating or Upgrading 8.Treating (Drying) 9.Weighting 10.Bagging 11.Storage or Shipping The flow charts illustrating the types of materials removed from harvested produce during processing.
Receiving The field run produce after threshing is received in the processing plant. Seed movement /basic steps in seed processing plant
