Sepsis Redefinition: Updated Criteria and Implications
Sepsis redefinition in 2016 emphasized life-threatening organ dysfunction due to infection and introduced new criteria to distinguish septic shock. The SOFA score and clinical indicators play a crucial role in identifying and managing sepsis cases effectively.
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CQ Press Lecture Spark SEPTEMBER 20, 2022 Connecting current events to your International Relations classroom
Somalia Faces Humanitarian Disaster The Horn of Africa is experiencing a severe drought, which in turn has created a humanitarian crisis with millions facing starvation. The situation is especially acute in Somalia where over one million people have been displaced and several hundred thousand children are suffering from malnutrition. Somalia is no stranger to famines, in 2011, more than a quarter of a million people starved to death. Exacerbating the situation of inadequate food supplies are rising food prices, and a reduction in donations to aid groups which has made the problem go from bad to worse. What is happening in Somalia? 2
Somalia Faces Humanitarian Disaster Humanitarian groups are warning that if relief isn t expanded immediately more people will die. Compounding the crisis is that the assistance provided so far is insufficient to meet the growing demands of a region where experts predict 2023 will be even worse. The UN is forecasting Somalia needs $1 billion to avert hundreds of thousands of deaths. For a fifth consecutive year the Horn of Africa has failed to see its rainy season materialize, which has led to Somalia having the most prevalent child famine any country has faced in the 21st century. What needs to happen to prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths in Somalia? 3
Background and Key Concepts Somalia has been ravaged by the worst drought in four decades, thus likely leaving half the population susceptible to hunger and want unless assistance is ramped up. There are a variety of reasons why millions of Somalis face starvation beyond a lack of rainfall. They include the war in Ukraine, a nomadic population, climate change, the pandemic, and lack of stability. Prior to Russia s invasion of Ukraine, 90% of Somalia s wheat came from these two countries. While Ukrainian President Zelensky has promised to continue exporting to the Horn of Africa, it remains unclear if he can fulfill his promise considering a war rages on. Most of Somalia s population is nomadic and as a result it makes it cumbersome to identify and deliver aid to those facing hunger. Over the last few years climate change has devastated Somalia and its crops, whether it be droughts or a locus invasion. In addition to the pandemic which has disrupted supply chains, Somalia has been terrorized by the Islamist insurgent militant group al-Shabab - causing instability and the displacement of people from their homes. Beyond aid to address the crisis, Somalia needs international development to alleviate the suffering. 4 .
Assessment Writing:? What is the significance of a drought in the Horn of Africa? Debate: What are the main reasons for the humanitarian crisis in Somalia? Poll: Should the international community provide more assistance to Somalia? Short Answer: What are the ramifications if hundreds of thousands of people die in Somalia? 5
