Session 1A at 11.20 am
This session explores methods for uncovering and addressing DRAM failures influenced by data content, showcasing techniques like system-level detection and online profiling to enhance reliability and performance, along with insights on how to detect data-dependent failures.
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Presentation Transcript
Session 1A at 11.20 am MEMCON Detecting and Mitigating Data-Dependent DRAM Failures by Exploiting Current Memory Content Samira Khan Chris Wilkerson, Zhe Wang, Alaa Alameldeen, Donghyuk Lee, Onur Mutlu
VISION: VISION: SYSTEM SYSTEM- -LEVEL DETECTION AND MITIGATION LEVEL DETECTION AND MITIGATION Detect and Mitigate Unreliable DRAM Cells Reliable System Detect and mitigate errors after the system has become operational ONLINE PROFILING 2
BENEFITS OF ONLINE PROFILING Technology Scaling Unreliable DRAM Cells Reliable DRAM Cells 1. Improves yield, reduces cost, enables scaling Vendors can make cells smaller without a strong reliability guarantee 3
BENEFITS OF ONLINE PROFILING LO-REF HI-REF LO-REF HI-REF LO-REF Unreliable DRAM Cells Reduce refresh count by using a lower refresh rate, but use higher refresh rate for faulty cells 2. Improves performance and energy efficiency Reduce refresh rate, refresh faulty rows more frequently 4
DETECTION IS HARD DUE TO INTERMITTENT FAILURES DETECTION IS HARD DUE TO INTERMITTENT FAILURES DATA-DEPENDENT FAILURE NO NO 1 1 1 FAILURE FAILURE 1 0 FAILURE FAILURE 0 Some cells can fail depending on the data stored in neighboring cells 5
HOW TO DETECT DATA HOW TO DETECT DATA- -DEPENDENT FAILURES? DEPENDENT FAILURES? Test with specific data pattern in neighboring cells L D R 0 1 0 LINEAR MAPPING X-1 X X+1 6
HOW TO DETECT DATA HOW TO DETECT DATA- -DEPENDENT FAILURES? DEPENDENT FAILURES? Test with specific data pattern in neighboring cells L D R 0 1 0 LINEAR MAPPING X-1 X X+1 7
HOW TO DETECT DATA HOW TO DETECT DATA- -DEPENDENT FAILURES? DEPENDENT FAILURES? Test with specific data pattern in neighboring cells L D R 0 1 0 LINEAR MAPPING X-1 X X+1 0 1 0 0 0 1 SCRAMBLED MAPPING X-1 X X+1 8
HOW TO DETECT DATA HOW TO DETECT DATA- -DEPENDENT FAILURES? DEPENDENT FAILURES? Test with specific data pattern in neighboring cells L D R 0 1 0 LINEAR MAPPING X-1 X X+1 0 1 0 0 0 1 NOT EXPOSED TO THE SYSTEM SCRAMBLED MAPPING X-4 X X+2 9
MEMCON 0 1 0 X-? X X+? SCRAMBLED MAPPING Detects data-dependent failures without the knowledge of the DRAM internal address mapping 40%-50% Performance improvement using 32Gb DRAM 65%-74% Reduction in refresh count 10
Session 1A at 11.20 am MEMCON Detecting and Mitigating Data-Dependent DRAM Failures by Exploiting Current Memory Content Samira Khan Chris Wilkerson, Zhe Wang, Alaa Alameldeen, Donghyuk Lee, Onur Mutlu
