Social Determinants for Suicide Among White and Hispanic Americans
The study explores the impact of social determinants on suicide rates among White and Hispanic Americans in Lehigh County. It delves into the alarming statistics, warning signs, and costs related to suicide, shedding light on vulnerable demographics and contributing factors.
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Social Determinants for Suicide Among White and Hispanic Americans in Lehigh County Hosam Farag, MD, MSPH
any intent to die as a result of the behavior. Responsible for 44,193 deaths in the U.S., which is approximately one suicide every 12 minutes The top 12 leading causes of death since 1975 in the U.S Suicide is a death caused by self-directed injurious behavior with What is Health problem in Lehigh county?
Suicide cost is an average of $1,178,343 of combined lifetime, medical and work loss per suicide death The second leading cause of death for age 15-34 The 4th leading cause of death for age 35-54 The past two decades, suicides increased by a third in Pennsylvania, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Impact of suicide on the Lehigh county and Pennsylvania
Warning signs or signals The warning signs of suicide, which can include: Talking about death or suicide Feelings of hopelessness Saying that they are a burden Withdrawing from friends and family Losing interest in activities Extreme mood swings Giving away possessions Saying goodbye to family and friends
Facts about suicide in Lehigh county Methods of suicide Suicide by age Suicide by age
Facts about suicide in Lehigh county Suicide by age Methods of suicide
Lehigh County Demographics Population: 358,792 people live in Lehigh County Median age: 39.2 years (vs. 40.7 in PA) Male : (48.7%) and Female(51.3%). It follows PA pattern Race:78.7% white American Ethnicity: 21.83% Hispanic (Vs. 6.6 in PA) Rural: 7.9 (vs. 21.34 in PA) TopCauses of death : heart disease and cancer 90 80 70 60 50 Lehigh 40 30 Pennsylvania 20 10 0 % Rural White Race % Hispanic or Latino %
Foods and smoking Research studies in the United States have found that greater alcohol availability is positively associated with alcohol- involved suicides.1
There is beneficial effect of physical activities on feelings of sadness and suicidal behaviors in Hispanic and non-Hispanic white boys and girls. Physical activity may be considered as part of an intervention strategy to improve adolescent health as a whole. https://jamanetwork.com/jou rnals/jamapediatrics/fullarticl e/485788 Physical activity
Social behavior A lack of social connections is one of the most identified. A lack of social connection is contributing to the rising Social isolation and drug use in the community Social isolation can be partially attributed to mobility issues among this segment of the population, and participants
Violence Exposure to violence is associated with increased risk of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, suicide, and suicide attempts Child abuse Neglect, Bullying Peer violence, Dating violence, Sexual violence, Intimate partner violence Social behavior
There is negative stigma around mental health, which creates a barrier to accessing services. The hospitals seem to have gotten out of the behavioral health business at a time when it is more necessary than ever. The services are not provided in locations that are accessible to community members, and many note that co-locating Mental health services
Mental health services
Wellness Recovery Teams (WRT) A collaborative team approach to improve physical and behavioral health factors in those diagnosed with a serious and persistent mental illness Dual Diagnosis Residential Pilot Program A joint initiative between OMHSAS (Office of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services), ODP (Office of Developmental Programs) Health Choices Tobacco Cessation Plan Community Health Choices Opioid Centers of Excellence Transitional Age Youth Certified Peer Specialist Pilot Program Antipsychotics Medications Dashboard Lehigh county resources
Wellness Recovery Teams (WRT) A collaborative team approach to improve physical and behavioral health factors in those diagnosed with a serious and persistent mental illness Dual Diagnosis Residential Pilot Program A joint initiative between OMHSAS (Office of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services), ODP (Office of Developmental Programs) Health Choices Tobacco Cessation Plan Community Health Choices Opioid Centers of Excellence Transitional Age Youth Certified Peer Specialist Pilot Program Antipsychotics Medications Dashboard insufficient prevention programs and research Lehigh county resources
1. 2. Lack of Social connection Depression or other mental illness Lack of mental health services and providers Lack of higher education High housing cost Burden Low income Food insecurity Increase smoking and alcohol use and substance abuse Exposure to violence 10. High co-morbidities(Obesity, DM, Heart diseases) 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Summary for social determination for Suicide death in Lehigh county
What is the solution? Save program 1- Increase suicide Awareness through educational programs and webinars 2- Strengthening household financial security can potentially buffer the risk of suicide by providing individuals with the financial means to lessen the stress and hardship associated with a job loss or other unanticipated financial problems. loan modification programs move-out planning financial counseling services 3- Support Housing stabilization policies to keep people in their homes by providing housing options for those in need during times of financial insecurity and support the programs that provide affordable housing such as government subsidies. 4- Community engagement activities and physical activity to reduce the level of stress. Encourage mental health-related community trainings like mindfulness 5- Parenting skill and family relationship programs provide caregivers with support and are designed to strengthen parenting skills, enhance positive parent-child interactions, and improve children s behavioral and emotional skills and abilities 6- Social-emotional learning programs. The Youth Aware of Mental Health Program (YAM) is a program developed for teenagers aged 14 16 that uses interactive dialogue and role-playing to teach adolescents about the risk suicide and depression
What is the solution? Save program 7- Coverage of mental health conditions in health insurance policies. Federal and state laws include provisions for equal coverage of mental health services in health insurance plans that is on par with coverage for other health concerns (i.e., mental health parity). 8- Reduce provider shortages in underserved areas. Access to effective and state-of-the-art mental health care is largely dependent upon the training and the size of the mental health care workforce. 9-Improving access to mental health care :mental and physical health services in public clinics would be beneficial in order to increase access to the community. Normalizing a yearly checkup for mental health and publicizing 10-Creating easier access to emergency mental health services, similar to an urgent care model 11- Reduce access to lethal means among persons at risk of suicide such as firearms, Guns, hanging/ suffocation. 12- Intervening at Suicide Hotspots. Suicide hotspots, or places where suicides may take place relatively easily, include tall structures (e.g., bridges, cliffs, balconies, and rooftops), railway tracks, and isolated locations such as parks. 13- Community-based policies to reduce excessive alcohol use. 14- Suicide care to Screen and treat for people at high risk of suicide
Study: Clinical trial by applying intervention (Save Program) Population: People with high risk for suicide Family history of suicide Family history of child maltreatment Previous suicide attempt(s) History of mental disorders, particularly clinical depression History of alcohol and substance abuse Feelings of hopelessness Impulsive or aggressive tendencies Cultural and religious beliefs (e.g., belief that suicide is noble resolution of a personal dilemma) Local epidemics of suicide Isolation, a feeling of being cut off from other people Barriers to accessing mental health treatment Loss (relational, social, work, or financial) Physical illness Easy access to lethal methods Unwillingness to seek help because of the stigma attached to mental health and substance abuse disorders or to suicidal thoughts Study Setting and target population
Engaging in an initial series of discussions across Lehigh County. These dialogues will be open to families, community leaders, health care providers, school employees, members of social service agencies, police and coroner Coroner Stakeholders to be engaged Police Department of health Hospitals School Family
