Sociological Research Methodology & Connections
Covering steps of the scientific method, research methods, variables, causations, correlations, and class activities related to societal issues like crime, dropouts, poverty, and addiction.
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Presentation Transcript
Doing Sociological Research Chapter 2
Scientific Method Seven steps including the Hypothesis 1. Identify the problem 2. Review the literature 3. Formulate hypotheses 4. Develop a research design 5. Collect data 6. Analyze data 7. State findings and conclusions
Research Methods Survey Experiments Case Study Field Study Participant Observation
Making Connections Variables 1. Quantitative: measured numerically = numbers 145 Seniors like Mr. McEvoy Mean: average Mode: # occurring most often Median: direct middle number 2. Qualitative: measured by category = likeness (everything but numbers) Mr. McEvoy is the favorite teacher
Making Connections 3. Independent: causes something to occur (stands alone, IF) IF it rains , IF I throw 4. Dependent: reflects a change (depends on IND; THEN) THEN I get wet , THEN I will catch it 5. Intervening: changes the relationship between an IND and DEP variable (BUT) BUT I have an Umbrella, BUT there was a wind gust.
Making Connections Causations Causation: belief that events occur in predictable ways and that one event leads to another Push=fall Multiple Causation: the belief that an event occurs as a result of several factors working in combination Dropping Out
Class Activity 1. What causes crime? 2. What causes someone to dropout? 3. What causes poverty? 4. What causes addiction?
Making Connections Correlation: the relationship between two variables Positive: (changes in the same direction) Negative (changes in the opposite direction) Spurious: a relationship between two variables that is actually caused by a third factor (relationship can be explained by third factor)
