Spanish Sentence Structure and Personal "a" in Spanish
Understand the structure of Spanish sentences with a subject, verb, and object. Learn about the personal "a" used when the object is a person, common verbs where people can be objects, and exceptions to using the personal "a" in sentences. Explore examples and contractions like "a" and "de" in Spanish.
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The personal a and a and de contractions
Elements of Spanish Sentences Spanish sentences, like English ones contain a subject, a verb and an object. Yo escucho la radio S V O Mi amigo come papas fritas. Tomamos vino por la ma ana.
La a personal The personal a is used when the object of a Spanish sentence is a person or persons. There is no equivalent in English. Llamo a mi amiga. Invitamos a Celia a la fiesta. Juana escribe una carta a Juanita.
Common Verbs where people can be objects. Llamar Llevar Invitar Escribir Conocer Ver Amar Hablar Mandar/enviar Dar To call (someone) To take (someone somewhere) To invite (someone) To write (someone something) To know (someone) To see (someone) To love (someone) To talk (to someone)* To send (someone something) To give (someone something)
The personal a is not used When the object of the sentence is not human Karla lleva los libros a la biblioteca Karla is taking the books to the library. Karla lleva a su hermana a la biblioteca. Karla is taking her sister to the library.
Neither is it used with the verbtener Tengo muchos amigos. I have many friends Llevo a mis amigos al cine. I take my friends to the movies. Juan tiene cinco novias. Juan has five girlfriends. Juan invita a sus novias a comer en McDonalds porque no tiene dinero Juan invites his girlfriends to eat at McDonalds because he doesn t have money.
If the objects of the sentence include several individual people, the a is placed before each one. Juan invita a Mar a,a Claudia,a Sof a, a Isabel y a Rosita Chiquita a comer en McDonalds. Juan invites Maria, Claudia, Sophia, Isabel and Rosita to eat at Mc Donalds.
A, De and Contractions A A can be used either as the personal a or the preposition to or towards . When a comes before the article el , they contract to form al . Llamo al (a + el) doctor. I m calling the doctor Llevo a mi amiga al cine. I m taking my friend to the movies..
De De can be used as the possessive de or the preposition of/from Similarly when de comes before the article el they contract to form del Vengo del club I m coming from the club. La esposa del profesor es muy guapa. The professor s wife is very beautiful
De and A do not contract with la, los or las. Conozco a la mam de mi amigo. I know my mom s friend. Vamos a los juegos ol mpicos. We re going to the Olympic Games. De and A also do not contract with the subject pronoun l: Recibo una carta de l
