Startle and Surprise Effects in Pilots
Explore the concepts of startle and surprise reactions experienced by pilots during intense events, with insights into physical and cognitive effects, coping strategies, and the U.R.P. method for managing such situations effectively.
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Presentation Transcript
STARTLE STARTLE Uncontrollable, automatic reflex caused by exposure to sudden, intense event that violates a pilots expectations EXAMPLES? EXAMPLES?
STARTLE STARTLE Blood pressure rise, heart rate increase Depth and rate of breathing increases Adrenalin is released and muscles tense Brain activity change: reactions are instinctive and unreasonable.
SURPRISE SURPRISE Disparity between a person s expectations and what is actually perceived (seen, felt). Can be elicited by the presence, OR the absence of stimuli. Startle: always needs stimuli Causes same mental and physical reactions as startle. EXAMPLES? EXAMPLES?
SURPRISE Effects SURPRISE Effects Physical: Same as Startle Tunnel vision (fixation) Cognitive disruption: decision making and judgement impaired Knee-jerk reactions OR complete lack of action (freeze).
COPING STRATEGY COPING STRATEGY The U.R.P. Method: Unload Roll Power
URP method URP method Unload: Unload: distance yourself, breath control, relax muscles, check partner Roll Roll- - lets rock n roll . Start-up process: What do I see, hear, feel, smell? Action of observe and verbalise . Power: Power: power into the future . Safeguard future of flight (foresight) and check for mistakes (hindsight). Regain SA.
COPING STRATEGIES COPING STRATEGIES Know your airplane: technical, rule-of-thumb. Handling skills (training): go-around, stall, x- wind. S.A. and T.E.M. Avoid complacency and stick to procedures. Have a plan ( and back-up plan). Adopt what would I do if habits.
