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ERNEST RUTHERFORD Kyrene Patarakun Period 1 Chemistry August 17, 2018
Ernest Rutherford, the father of nuclear physics was a born in 1871 in New Zealand. He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1908. His early interest was in the study of radioactivity. He was intrigued by two types of radiation which he referred to as the alpha and beta types.
Rutherford gold-foil experiment in 1911 He fired a beam of particles at a very thin sheet of pure gold. A detector screen surrounded the foil. He assumed that most particles should pass through based on Thompson s plum pudding model. "It was almost as incredible as if you fired a 15-inch shell at a piece of tissue paper and it came back and hit you. -Rutherford
The Discovery Most of the particles went through the foil. Some particles were deflected. A few particles deflected more than 90 . Atoms are not uniformly distributed. It has a dense nucleus. In 1911, he disproved Thomson s model. He changed the understanding of an atom because: Believed that there was a positive nucleus in order to counteract the electrons Empty space between the nucleus and electrons
A New Understanding of the Atom In 1911, he conceived the idea of the nucleus. Atom consisted mostly of empty space with a tiny positively charged nucleus. The atom s mass is concentrated in the dense nucleus. Electrons orbits the nucleus in the empty space outside the nucleus.
Changing View of the Atomic Model Before the Discovery: Thomson The atomic model based on J. J. Thomson s the plum puddling model where electrons are scattered among a positive sphere. Atoms were electrically neutral. After the Discovery Atom is mostly empty space A very small, dense, positively charged nucleus in the center. Most of the mass is in the nucleus. Electrons orbit outside the nucleus in the empty space in circular paths. The atom is neutral.
Works Cited B. (2012, November 14). Ernest Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment - Atomic Structure. Retrieved August 15, 2018, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U83swkcL32w Badash, L. (2018, May 18). Ernest Rutherford. Retrieved August 15, 2018, from https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ernest-Rutherford C., N., & V., S. (2015, October 25). How did Rutherford's gold foil experiment differ from his expectations? | Socratic. Retrieved August 15, 2018, from https://socratic.org/questions/how- did-rutherford-s-gold-foil-experiment-differ-from-his-expectations De Leon, N. (n.d.). Rutherford model of the atom. Retrieved August 15, 2018, from http://www.iun.edu/~cpanhd/C101webnotes/modern-atomic-theory/rutherford-model.html Khan Academy. (2018). Discovery of the electron and nucleus. Retrieved August 15, 2018, from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/electronic-structure-of-atoms/history-of-atomic- structure/a/discovery-of-the-electron-and-nucleus
Works Cited New Zealand Tourism. (n.d.). Ernest Rutherford: Father of nuclear science. Retrieved August 15, 2018, from https://media.newzealand.com/en/story-ideas/ernest-rutherford-father- of-nuclear-science/ Science History Institute. (2018, January 11). Ernest Rutherford. Retrieved August 15, 2018, from https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/ernest-rutherford Texas Gateway. (2007). The Bohr Model. Retrieved August 15, 2018, from https://www.texasgateway.org/resource/bohr-model The Physic of the Universe. (2009). ERNEST RUTHERFORD. Retrieved August 15, 2018, from https://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/scientists_rutherford.html Wikipedia. (n.d.). Ernest Rutherford. Retrieved August 15, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford
