Sugar Juice Extraction Process in Sugar Manufacturing
Delve into the process of sugar juice extraction from sugar cane, covering steps like cane receiving, milling, diffusion, and more. Explore definitions and composition aspects such as sucrose, Brix, pol percentage, and purity ratio. Discover the anatomy and composition of cane, including dissolved and insoluble substances. Enhance your knowledge of sugar processing with valuable insights provided in this detailed content.
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Presentation Transcript
NQF 5: OCCUPATIONAL CERTIFICATE: SUGAR PROCESSING CONTROLLER KNOWLEDGE COMPONENT: MODULE 4: SUGAR JUICE EXTRACTION: KT 1: DEFINITIONS AND COMPOSITION
Background The receiving of cane and the extraction of juice is the first step in the process of sugar manufacturing from sugar cane. The steps involved in sugar juice extraction include: Cane receiving, handling and conveying Cane preparation Milling Diffusion Juice screening Juice massing Bagasse handling
Definitions and Equations CANE: The raw material delivered to the factory. SUCROSE: A disaccharide with the formula C12H22O11 BRIX : The percentage by mass of the dissolved substances in a sucrose solution. Brix % = Mass of dissolved substances X 100 Mass of solution POL %: The apparent sucrose content of a substance expressed as a percentage. The pol % is not equal to the sucrose % but is easier to analyse and is used for routine control purposes. For mixed juice the pol % is very close to the sucrose %. PURITY: The percentage ratio of pol to brix of a solution. Purity % = pol % X 100 brix %
Anatomy of Cane The cane stem consists of: Outer rind of thick walled cells Softer parenchyma tissue and vascular bundles within The rind and vascular bundles constitute the fibrous portion of the cane stalk Parenchyma tissue makes up the pith The fibre and pith together make up the fibre as analysed in the laboratory The parenchyma cells contain the rich juice The lower purity juice is found in the relatively strong vascular bundles. These vascular bundles carry nutrients between the roots and leaves of the plant
Composition of Cane Dissolved substances - 15% (Brix %) Insoluble substances - 15 % (Fibre %) Water - 70% (Moisture %) The insoluble substances include foreign matter like sand clinging to the cane. The dissolved substances in cane can be divided into the following categories: Sucrose 13% (Pol %) Other substances 2% (Non-Pol %) Other sugars (mainly glucose and fructose) 0.9% (Reducing Sugars %) Inorganic salts 0.6 % (Ash %)
